ContentsPreface 1
Gender and Translation 1 2
1．Historical Background 5
The Women's Movement and the Idea ofGender 5
Women and Language 8
2．Gender and the Practice ofTranslation 14
Experimental Feminist Writing and its Translation 14
Translating the Body 17
Translating Puns on Cultural References 20
Translating Experiments with Language 22
Interventionist Feminist Translation 24
Translating Machismo 25
Assertive Feminist Translation 27
Recovering Women's Works'Lost'in Patriarchy 30
Further Corrective Measures 32
3．Revising Theories and Myths 35
Proliferating Prefaces：The Translator's Sense of Self 35
Asserting the Translator's Identity 36
Claiming Responsibility for'Meaning' 39
Revising the Rhetoric ofTranslation 41
Tropes 42
Achieving Political Visibility 43
Revising a Fundamental Myth 45
Pandora's Cornucopia 45
Simone de Beauvoir 49
4．Rereading and Rewriting Translations 49
Reading Existing Translations 49
Rewriting Existing Translations 52
TheBible 52
Comparing'Pre-feminist'and'Post-feminist'Translations 57
Sappho and Louise Labé 57
Recovering'Lost'Women Translators 66
Subversive Activity in the English Renaissance 67
Nineteenth-Century Women Translators 70
La Malinche 74
5．Criticisms 77
Criticism from Outside Feminisms 77
Elitist Experimentation 79
Criticism from Within Feminisms 79
Opportunist Feminist Bandwagon 81
'Being Democratic with Minorities' 83
Revealing Women's Cultural and Political Diversity 85
6．Future Perspectives 89
Broad Historical Perspectives 89
Contemporary Perspectives 91
Public Language Policies 92
Interpreting 93
7．Concluding Remarks 95
Glossary 99
Bibliographical References 103