Preamble 1
引言 1
1.Background 2
1.背景 2
2.依靠美援,初级进口替代(1953-1963年) 4
2.The Period of Relying on U.S. Aid and Initial Import Substitution,1953-1963 4
2-1 Value of Imports and Exports as Percentage of GNP,1953-55,1960-62 5
List of Statistical Tables 5
2-1进出口贸易值占国民生产总值的比例,1953-1955年,1960-1962年 5
统计表 5
2-2 U.S. Economic and Military Aid to South Korea,1946-76 5
2-2美国对南朝鲜的经济和军事援助,1946-1976年 5
3.转向提倡出口,经济迅速增长(1964-1973年) 8
3.1经济稳定和鼓励出口政策 8
3.1 Economic Stabilization and Policy of Encouraging Export 8
3.The Period of Shifting Toward Export Promotion and Rapid Growth, 1964-1973 8
3-1宏观经济变动,1953-1965年 9
3-1 Macro-economic Changes,1953-65 9
3.2鼓励出口积极性措施体系的经济分析 15
3.2 An Economic Analysis of the Export Incentive System 15
3-2 Estimates of Effective Exchange Rates for Exports and Imports, 1958-75 16
3-2进出口有效汇率的估计,1958-1975年 16
3.3出口及工业化的成果 20
3.3 The Outcome of Export Promotion and Industrialization 20
3-3 Exports, Industrial Structure Changes and Economic Growth, 1965-75 21
3-3出口、工业化与经济增长,1965-1975年 21
3-4 Composition of Exports, According to Commodity Groups or by Major Commodities, 1960-84 24
3-4出口组成:美元值按商品分类或主要商品,1960-1984年 24
3.4工业结构变化的因素 25
3.4 Sources of Changes In Industrial Structure 25
3-5 Analysis of Output, Exports and Imports of Major Sub-Sectors of Manufacturing Industries,1955-75 26
3-5主要制造工业部门的生产和进出口分析,1955-1975年 26
3-6制造品工业产出增长的来源,1955-1975年 29
3-6 Sources of Growth of Manufacturing Output,1955-75 29
3.5生产要素的使用效率 30
3.5 The Efficiency of the Utilization of Factors of Production 30
3-7劳动力/资本比例的估计,1963-1975年 31
3-7 Estimates of Labor Capital Ratio in Export and Import-competing Industries, 1963-75 31
4.重工业化,国际经济震动与宏观经济管理(1972-1983年) 33
4.The Development of Heavy Industry, External Economic Shocks and Macro-Economic Management, 1973-1983 33
4.1 The Strategy of the Development of Heavy and Chemical Industrles and Economic Imbalances 34
4.1重化工业发展战略和经济不平衡 34
4.2第一次石油震动与调整 38
4.2 The First Oil Shock and Adjustments 38
4-1外部经济环境的主要变动,1971-1982年 40
4-1 Major Changes in External Economic Environment, 1971-82 40
4-2宏观经济变动,1971-1987年 41
4-3外债债负,1979-1985年 41
4-2 Macro-economic Changes,1971-87 41
4.3第二次石油震动与调整 42
4.3 The Second Oil Shock and Adjustments 42
4-3 External Debt Service,1979-85 43
4.4 Foreign Trade and Industrial Growth and Structural Changes 45
4.4工贸发展与结构变化 45
4-4 Changes in Industrial Structure,1970-83 47
4-4生产结构的变动,1970-1983年 47
4-5 Changes in Foreign Trade Structure, 1970-85 48
4-5外贸结构的变动,1970-1985年 48
4.5遭遇的问题 49
4.5 Problems Encountered 49
5.New International Environment and Problems of Adjustments 52
5.新国际经济环境与经济调整 52
5.1 Adjustments and Reform Since the Early 1980 s 53
5.1 80年代初期以来的调整与改革 53
5.2 New International Economic Environment and Trade and Development Problems 55
5.2新国际经济环境与外贸及发展问题 55
Conclusions 58
结束语 58