DIVISION 1 GREEK CULTURE AND ROMAN CULTURE 1
Ⅰ．Greek Culture 1
Ⅱ．Roman Culture 28
第一章自测练习 39
第一章自测练习答案 42
DIVISION 2 THE BIBLE AND CHRISTIANITY 47
Ⅰ．General Introduction 47
Ⅱ．The Old Testament 47
Ⅲ．Rise of Christianity 63
Ⅳ．The New Testament 70
Ⅴ．Translations of the Bible 80
第二章自测练习 84
第二章自测练习答案 87
DIVISION 3 THE MIDDLE AGES 89
Ⅰ．General Introduction 89
Ⅱ．Manor and Church 89
Ⅲ．Learning and Science 104
Ⅳ．Literature 104
Ⅴ．Art and Architecture 104
第三章自测练习 115
第三章自测练习答案 118
DIVISION 4 RENAlSSANCE AND REFORMATION 121
Ⅰ．General Introduction 121
Ⅱ．Renaissance in Italy 121
Ⅲ．Reformation and Counter-Reformation 139
Ⅳ．Renaissance in Other Countries 153
Ⅴ．Science and Technology during the Renaissance 167
Ⅵ．Summing-up 167
第四章自测练习 173
第四章自测练习答案 177
DIVISION 5 THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 182
Ⅰ．General Introduction 182
Ⅱ．Science 182
Ⅲ．Philosophy,Politics and Literature in England 195
Ⅳ．Descartes;French Classicism 215
Ⅴ．Art 226
第五章自测练习 234
第五章自测练习答案 239
DIVISION 6 THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT 244
Ⅰ．General Introduction 244
Ⅱ．French Philosophy and Literature 244
Ⅲ．English Literature 258
Ⅳ．German Literature and Philosophy 266
Ⅴ．Art;Music 275
第六章自测练习 288
第六章自测练习答案 290
DIVISION 7 ROMANTICISM 291
Ⅰ．General Introduction 291
Ⅱ．Romanticism in Germany,England,France,Italy,Russia and Poland 291
Ⅲ．Art and Architecture;Music 318
第七章自测练习 336
第七章自测练习答案 340
DIVISION 8 MARXISM AND DARWINISM 342
Ⅰ．The Rise of Marxism 342
Ⅱ．Darwinism 354
第八章自测练习 365
第八章自测练习答案 367
DIVISION 9 REALISM 369
Ⅰ．General Introduction 369
Ⅱ．Realism in France,Russia and Northern Europe 369
Ⅲ．Realism in England and the United States 392
Ⅳ．Art;Music at the Turn of the Century 405
第九章自测练习 420
第九章自测练习答案 425
DIVISION 10 MODERNISM AND OTHER TRENDS 429
Ⅰ．General Introduction 429
Ⅱ．Contemporary Western Literature before 1945 429
Ⅲ．Literature and Philosophy since 1945 458
Ⅳ．Art and Music 474
第十章自测练习 497
第十章自测练习答案 501
综合自测试题（1） 506
综合自测试题（1）参考答案 513
综合自测试题（2） 518
综合自测试题（2）参考答案 525
精编辨析80题 530
精编辨析80题答案 538
主要参考书目 539