Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Terminology 1
1.2 Motivation of the Research 2
1.3 Objectives of the Research 4
1.4 Layout of the Book 6
Chapter 2 Literature Review of Relevant Research 8
2.1 Synaesthesia and Literature 8
2.1.1 Synaesthesia in Western Literature 9
2.1.2 Synaesthesia in Chinese Literature 10
2.2 Synaesthesia and Linguistics 13
2.2.1 Synaesthesia and Rhetoric 13
2.2.2 Synaesthesia and Semantics 19
2.2.3 Comparative and Contrastive Studies of Synaesthesia 29
2.3 Synaesthesia,Psychology,and Cognition 33
2.3.1 Synaesthesia and Psychology 33
2.3.2 Synaesthesia and Cognitive Theories 42
2.4 Summary 45
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework of the Study 46
3.1 Historical Perspectives of the Relationship between Conception and Perception 47
3.1.1 Two Basic Orientations Concerning the Origin of Knowledge—Rationalism and Empiricism 47
3.1.2 The Prelude of Rationalism and Empiricism in the Pre-Socrates Stage 49
3.1.3 The Formation of Rationalism and Empiricism in Classic Greek Philosophy 51
3.2 The Kantian Account of Conception and Perception— "the Critique Philosophy" 55
3.2.1 The Background of the Kantian Philosophy 56
3.2.2 Perception Conforming to Conception—"Critique of Pure Reason" 59
3.2.3 A Transcendental Link between Conception and Perception—Schema 65
3.3 An Embodied Account of Conception and Perception—the"Embodied Philosophy" 68
3.3.1 The Embodied Realism 69
3.3.2 The Embodiment of Human Reason 70
3.3.3 An Embodied Link between Conception and Perception—Image Schema 76
3.4 Summary 80
Chapter 4 Research Methodology and Results 81
4.1 Research Methodology 81
4.1.1 Research Questions 81
4.1.2 Materials 83
4.1.3 Research Design 86
4.1.4 Procedures 87
4.2 Research Results 92
4.2.1 Statistics 92
4.2.2 General Descriptions 96
Chapter 5 Synaesthetic Metaphors in English and Chinese:Cognitive Similarities 99
5.1 Predominant Source and Target 99
5.1.1 Predominant Source 101
5.1.2 Predominant Target 106
5.2 Predominant Type 108
5.2.1 Hearing-targeting Types 109
5.2.2 Vision-targeting Types 116
5.3 Predominant Direction 123
5.4 Summary 128
Chapter 6 Synaesthetic Metaphors in English and Chinese:Cultural Differences 130
6.1 The Diversity of Synaesthetic Metaphors in English and Chinese 130
6.1.1 Cultural Difference in Synaesthetic Sensation 131
6.1.2 Cultural Difference in Synaestheticity 136
6.2 Aesthetic Preference 137
6.2.1 Richness versus Lightness 138
6.2.2 Aesthetic Preference in the Western Culture 139
6.2.3 Aesthetic Preference in the Chinese Culture 143
6.3 Philosophical Root 149
6.3.1 Truth versus Nature 150
6.3.2 Philosophical Tradition in the Western Culture 150
6.3.3 Philosophical Tradition in the Chinese Culture 154
6.4 Summary 161
Chapter 7 General Discussion 162
7.1 On the Cognitive Mechanism of Synaesthesia 162
7.1.1 Schema-based Synaesthesia 163
7.1.2 Affection-based Synaesthesia 174
7.1.3 Concurrence-based Synaesthesia 178
7.1.4 Interim Summary 181
7.2 On the Philosophical Significance of Synaesthesia 182
7.2.1 The Cognitive Role of Synaesthetic Metaphors 183
7.2.2 The Epistemological Implication of Synaesthetic Metaphors 189
7.3 On the Methodology of Synaesthetic Studies 200
7.4 Summary 204
Chapter 8 Conclusion and Implications 206
8.1 Summary of Major Findings 206
8.1.1 Answers to Research Question 1 206
8.1.2 Answers to Research Question 2 209
8.1.3 Answers to Research Question 3 210
8.2 Implications 211
8.2.1 Linguistic Implications 211
8.2.2 Philosophical Implications 214
8.3 Limitations and Recommendations 215
8.3.1 Limitations of the Present Research 215
8.3.2 Recommendations for Future Researches 216
References 218
Appendices 224
Appendix Ⅰ：Sample English Entries of Synaesthesia 224
Appendix Ⅱ：Sample Chinese Entries of Synaesthesia 226