1 INTRODUCTION 1
The Importance of Form in Language 1
Language Strategy 5
Language and Justice 10
The Study of Courtroom Language 11
2 THE NATURE OF LEGAL LANGUAGE 15
Written Legal Language 16
Spoken Legal Language 23
3 LEGAL ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION 31
Legal Tacticians 31
The Courts 38
The Law, by John M.Conley 41
4 ETHNOGRAPHY AND EXPERIMENTATION 51
Deriving the Research Questions 53
Specific Procedures 56
5 SPEECH S TYLES IN THE COURTROOM 61
Powerful versus Powerless Speech 61
Narrative versus Fragn-emted Testimony Styles 76
Hypercorrect Testimony Style 83
Interruptions and Simuhaneous Speech 87
6 CONTROLLING THE EFFECTS OF PRESEN TAT ONAL STYLE 93
Attempts to Control Style Effects 93
Interpretation and the Management of Style 97