Foreword 1
Preface 1
Chapter One Introduction 1
1.1 Objectives of this research 1
1.2 Significance of study 5
1.3 Methods of study 8
1.4 The structure of this book 10
Chapter Two Literature Review 12
2.1 Introduction 12
2.2 Traditional studies on metaphor 13
2.2.1 Metaphor in fiction and poetry 14
2.2.2 Metaphor in drama 20
2.2.3 Dramatic text and performance 23
2.3 Contemporary studies on metaphor 26
2.3.1 Semantic theory of metaphor 28
2.3.2 Pragmatic theory of metaphor 30
2.3.3 Cognitive theory of metaphor 34
2.3.4 Conceptual metaphor 35
2.3.5 Conventional and novel metaphors 38
2.4 Metaphor studies of Beckett's plays 39
2.4.1 Overview of criticism of Samuel Beckett's plays 39
2.4.2 Overview of metaphor studies on Beckett's plays 46
2.5 Summary and research questions 48
Chapter Three Emotion Metaphors in Waiting for Godot and Krapp's Last Tape 52
3.1 Introduction 52
3.2 Emotion metaphors 52
3.3 Emotion metaphors in Waiting for Godot 57
3.4 Emotion metaphors in Krapp's Last Tape 73
3.5 Summary 78
Chapter Four Time as Space Metaphors in Happy Days and Endgame 80
4.1 Introduction 80
4.2 Conceptions of time and space 80
4.2.1 Keshavmurti on time and space 81
4.2.2 Alverson on time and space 83
4.2.3 Lakoff on space and time 87
4.2.4 Lakoff and Johnson on everyday metaphor 89
4.3 Time as space metaphors in Happy Days and Endgame 91
4.4 “Time” and “oblivion” in Waiting for Godot 102
4.5 Summary 112
Chapter Five Image-Schema Metaphors in Endgame 115
5.1 Introduction 115
5.2 Interpretations of image-schemata 115
5.2.1 Interpretation on images 115
5.2.2 Interpretation on schemata 119
5.2.3 Image-schema 123
5.3 Schema theory and metonymy 127
5.4 A game of chess: metonymic manifestation of the part-whole image-schema 132
5.5 A room: metonymic manifestation of centre-periphery image-schema 152
5.6 A journey: metonymic manifestation of the source-path-goal image-schema 161
5.7 Summary 169
Chapter Six Non-verbal metaphors in Beckett's Dramaticules 171
6.1 Introduction 171
6.2 Musical metaphors in Beckett's Ghost Trio 176
6.2.1 Musical meaning and metaphor 177
6.2.2 Musical Event Structure Metaphors in Ghost Trio 184
6.2.2.1 Dynamic qualities of music in Ghost Trio 186
6.2.2.2 Intensity of musical experience in Ghost Trio 192
6.3 Visual metaphors in Beckett's dramaticules 197
6.3.1 Visual metaphors and verbal metaphors 197
6.3.2 A fragmented mouth identity: visual metaphor in Not I 201
6.3.3 Esse est percipi: visual metaphor in Film 214
6.3.4 Counterpoint and iconography: visual metaphor in Beckett's Play 221
6.4 Summary 238
Chapter Seven Findings and Conclusions 242
7.1 Findings of this research 242
7.2 Conclusions 244
7.3 Some issues worthy of future study 247
Bibliography 250