1．THEORY OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The Mercantilists'Views on Trade 1
1.3 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage:Adam Smith 2
1.4 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage:David Ricardo 5
1.5 Ricardo's Constant Opportunity Costs and the Production-Possibilities Curve 7
1.6 Increasing Costs and the production-Possibilities Curve 10
2．THEORY OF FACTOR ENDOWENT----H-O THEORY 17
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Assumptions of the Theory 17
2.3 Factor Intensity and Factor Abundance 18
2.4 Factor Endowments and the H-O Theory 19
2.5 Empirical Tests of the H-O Model 22
3．THEORY OF ECONOMIES OF SCALE&- 29
3.1 Introduction 29
3.2 The Basic Principle of Economies of Scale 29
3.3 Economies of Scale and International Trade 31
3.4 The Significance of Intra-industry Trade(IIT) 33
4．THEORY OF PRODUCT CYCLE 42
5．THEORY OF DEMAND AND INCOMES 47
5.1 Introduction 47
5.2 Different Tastes as a Basis for Trade 47
5.3 Income(Preference-Similar)Theory of Trade 49
6．THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE ON A NATIONAL ECONOMY 52
6.1 Introduction 52
6.1 Determination of the World Prices 52
6.2 Reciprocal Demands,Offer Curve and Terms of Trade 55
6.3 The Gains from Trade 56
6.4 Impacts of Trade on the Prices of Factors 60
7 ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE 73
7.1 Introduction 73
7.1 Classifying the Trade Effects of Economic Growth 73
7.2 Sources of growth and the Production Possibilities Curve 76
7.3 Factor Growth and Trade in the Small Country Case 79
7.4 Growth and Trade in the Large Country Case 81
7.5 Growth and the Terms of Trade:a Third World Perspective 83
8 THE BASIS ANALYSIS OF A TARIFF 88
8.1 Introduction 88
8.1 Definition 88
8.2 The Impact of an Import Tariff:the Small Country Case 89
8.3 The Impact of an Import Tariff:the Large Country Case 93
8.4 "Nominal"versus"Effective"Tariff Rates 97
8.5 Other Features of Tariff Schedules 99
9 NON-TARIFF BARRIERS 107
9.1 Introduction 107
9.1 The Import Quotas 107
9.2 "Voluntary"Export Restraints(VERs) 112
9.3 Other Nontariff Barriers to Free Trade 113
1O OTHER INSTRUMENTS OF TRADE POLICY 121
10.1 Introduction 121
10.1 Export Taxes 129
10.2 Export Subsidy 123
10.3 Dumping and Antidumping 126
11 Traditional Arguments for Protection 138
11.1 Introduction 138
11.1 The infant Industry Argument 138
11.2 Employment Argument 140
11.3 The Terms of Trade Argument 143
11.4 The Balance of Trade Argument 144
11.5 National defense Argument 145
12 New Protectionism Theories 152
12.1 Introduction 152
12.1 Tariff to Extract Foreign Monopoly Profit 152
12.2 The Strategic Trade Policy 154
13 Economic Integration 166
13.1 Introduction 166
13.2 The Theory of Economic Integration 166
13.3 History of Attempts of Economic Integration 173
14 INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 181
14.1 Introduction 181
14.2 Definitions 181
14.3 Development of Foreign Direct Investment 182
14.4 Reasons for International Movement of Capital 184
14.5 The Contribution of the Multinational Enterprise to the World Economy 186
14.6 Potenial Benefits and Costs of FDI to a Host Country 187
15 INTERNATIONAL LABOR MOBILITY 197
15.1 Introduction 197
15.2 Impacts of Migration:a Case of Market Perfection 197
15.3 Impacts of Migration:a Case of Market Imperfection 199
15.4 Impacts of Migration on Trade 200
15.5 Arguments about Labor Movement 201
参考资料 208