Chapter 1 Water Resources 1
Part 1 Water 1
Part 2 World Water Resources 1
Part 3 Water Availability and Water Resources Deficit 2
Part 4 Water Resources and Water Use 3
EXPLANATIONS 5
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 5
PHRASES 6
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 7
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 8
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 9
EXERCISE 9
Word Building(1)bio-;-al,ial;-ful 9
Chapter 2 Planning for Water Resources Development 11
Part 1 Introduction of Planning 11
Part 2 Levels of Planning 12
Part 3 Process of Planning 12
EXPLANATIONS 13
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 13
PHRASES 13
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 14
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 15
EXERCISE 15
Word Building(2)-able;aqu-;-less 16
Chapter 3 Water Resourees for Sustainable Development 17
Part 1 Introduction 17
Part 2 Concluding Remarks 18
EXPLANATIONS 20
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 20
PHRASES 20
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 21
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 22
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 22
EXERCISE 22
Word Building(3)bi-;de-;meg(a)-;micro-;tri-;terr- 23
Chapter 4 Hydrology 25
Part 1 Introduction 25
Part 2 What Is Hydrology? 26
EXPLANATIONS 26
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 26
PHRASES 27
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 28
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 28
EXERCISE 29
Word Building(4)hydro-;semi-;super- 29
Chapter 5 Water Cycle 31
Part 1 Introduction 31
Part 2 Processes of Water Cycle 31
Part 3 Application of Water Cycle 33
EXPLANATIONS 33
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 33
PHRASES 34
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 35
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 36
EXERCISE 36
Word Building(5)-al;-ial;cycl-;mal- 37
Chapter 6 Principle of Hydrograph—Unit Hydrographs 38
Part 1 Introduction 38
Part 2 Construction of Unit Hydrographs 38
EXPLANATIONS 40
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 40
PHRASES 41
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 42
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 43
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 43
EXERCISE 43
Word Building(6)-ment;-mit;sub- 44
Chapter 7 River 45
Part 1 Topography 45
Part 2 Classifiication 46
Part 3 Uses 47
EXPLANATIONS 48
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 48
PHRASES 48
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 49
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 50
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 51
EXERCISE 51
Word Building(7)alter-;circum-;-ity;sub- 51
Chapter 8 Flood 53
Part 1 Introduction 53
Part 2 Types of Flooding 54
Part 3 Cause of Flood 54
Part 4 Variability of Flooding 56
EXPLANATIONS 57
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 57
PHRASES 58
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 59
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 60
EXERCISE 61
Word Building(8)-age;magni-;-ous 61
Chapter 9 Sediments 63
Part 1 Origin and Formation 63
Part 2 The Size and Shape of Sediment 64
EXPLANATIONS 66
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 66
PHRASES 67
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 67
SUMMARy OF GLOSSARY 68
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 69
EXERCISE 69
Word Building(9)geo-;rot-;-tion 69
Chapter 10 Dams 71
Part 1 Introduction 71
Part 2 Types of Dams 71
Part 3 Forces on Dams 73
Part 4 Several Disadvantages to Dams 74
EXPLANATIONS 75
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 75
PHRASES 76
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 76
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 78
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 78
EXERCISE 78
Word Building(10)dis-;multi-;non- 79
Chapter 11 Levee 80
Part 1 Artificial Levees 80
Part 2 Natural Levees 82
Part 3 Levees in Tidal Waters 82
Part 4 Levee Failures and Breaches 82
EXPLANATIONS 83
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 83
PHRASES 84
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 85
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 86
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 86
EXERCISE 86
Word Building(11)co-;ex-;inter- 87
Chapter 12 Concrete Works 88
Part 1 Materials and Equipment for Concrete Works 88
Part 2 Properties of Concrete 90
Part 3 Workmanship 91
EXPLANATIONS 92
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 92
PHRASES 93
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 94
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 96
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 97
EXERCISE 97
Word Building(12)fin-;pre-; 97
Chapter 13 Water Environment 99
Part 1 Water Quality in Key River System 99
Part 2 Water Quality in Lakes and Reservoirs 103
Part 3 Water Quality in Ground Water 104
Part 4 Where Does Wastewater Come from? 105
EXPLANATIONS 106
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 106
PHRASES 107
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 107
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 108
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 109
EXERCISE 109
Word Building(13)-logy;un- 110
Chapter 14 Water Poilution 111
Part 1 Global Water Pollution 111
Part 2 Cause of Pollution 112
Part 3 Classifying Water Pollution 112
Part 4 Effects and Danger of Water Pollution 114
EXPLANATIONS 114
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 114
PHRASES 115
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 116
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 118
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 119
EXERCISE 119
Word Building(14)-age;ab-;a- 120
Chapter 15 Climate Change 121
Part 1 Introduction 121
Part 2 Climate Change Factors 121
EXPLANATIONS 124
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 124
PHRASES 125
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 126
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 126
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 127
EXERCISE 127
Word Building(15)ir-;in- 127
Chapter 16 Irrigation 129
Part 1 Introduction of Irrigation 129
Part 2 Application of Irrigation in Southern Alberta 130
EXPLANATIONS 131
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 131
PHRASES 131
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 132
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 133
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 133
EXERCISE 133
Word Building(16)-fication;-ly;-wise;-ward 134
Chapter 17 Irrigation Methods 135
Part 1 Surface Irrigation 135
Part 2 Subsurface Irrigation 137
Part 3 Sprinkler Irrigation 138
Part 4 Trickle Irrigation 138
EXPLANATIONS 139
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 139
PHRASES 140
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 140
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 141
EXERCISE 141
Word Building(17)im-;re- 142
Chapter 18 Irrigation Performance Evaluation 143
Part 1 Assessment of Irrigation Performance 143
Part 2 Efficient Irrigation Systems:The Flow of the Future 144
EXPLANATIONS 147
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 147
PHRASES 148
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 149
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 149
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 150
EXERCISE 150
Word Building(18)agr-;auto- 151
Chapter 19 River Closure and Diversion in Dam Construction 152
Part 1 River Closure 152
Part 2 River Diversion 153
EXPLANATIONS 154
NEW WORDSAND EXPRESSIONS 154
PHRASES 154
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 155
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 156
EXERCISE 156
Word Building(19)electr-,electri-,electro-;pro- 156
Chapter 20 Grouting 158
Part 1 Grouting—General Introduction 158
Part 2 Cavity Grouting Procedure 158
Part 3 Fissure Grouting Procedure 159
EXPLANATIONS 160
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 160
PHRASES 161
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 161
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 161
EXERCISE 162
Word Building(20)-able;counter-;-ple;uni- 162
Chapter 21 Embankment and Fills 164
Part 1 Introduction of Embankment 164
Part 2 Placing and Protecting Fill 166
EXPLANATIONS 167
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 167
PHRASES 168
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 169
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 172
EXERCISE 173
Word Building(21)-fill;-ic;-ment;under- 173
Chapter 22 Hydroelectricity and Its Characteristics 175
Part 1 General Introduction of Hydroelectricity 175
Part 2 History of Hydropower 175
Part 3 Advantages 176
Part 4 Disadvantages 177
EXPLANATIONS 178
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 178
PHRASES 178
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 179
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 180
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 181
EXERCISE 181
Word Building(22)dis-;hydro-;in-;re-;un- 182
Chapter 23 Layout of Hydropower Plants 183
Part 1 Hydroelectric Complex 183
Part 2 Reservoir 184
Part 3 Other Structures for Hydroelectric Architecture 185
Part 4 Generating Process of Hydroelectric Power 187
Part 5 Types of Hydropower Plants 188
EXPLANATIONS 189
NEWWORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 189
PHRASES 189
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 190
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 191
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 192
EXERCISE 192
Word Building(23)im- 192
Chapter 24 Main Equipment in Hydropower Plants 193
Part 1 Various Hydraulic Turbines 193
Part 2 Generator Unit 195
Part 3 Other Equipment 197
EXPLANATIONS 198
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 198
PHRASES 199
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 200
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 200
EXERCISE 201
Word Building(24)-ance;over- 201
Chapter 25 Pumped-Storage Plants 203
Part 1 General Introduction 203
Part 2 Performance 203
Part 3 History and Development 204
EXPLANATIONS 205
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 205
PHRASES 206
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 207
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 208
ABBREVIATIONS(ABBR.) 209
EXERCISE 209
Word Building(25)a-;in- 210
Chapter 26 Tidal Power Station 211
Part 1 General Introduction of Tidal Power 211
Part 2 Types of Tidal Power 212
Part 3 Off-Shore Turbines 214
EXPLANATIONS 214
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 214
PHRASES 215
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 216
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 217
EXERCISE 218
Word Building(26)anti-;inter- 218
Chapter 27 Navigation and Recreation 219
Part 1 Navigation and Service for Ships 219
Part 2 Recreation and Scenery 220
EXPLANATIONS 221
NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 221
PHRASES 222
COMPLICATED SENTENCES 223
SUMMARY OF GLOSSARY 223
EXERCISE 224
Word Building(27)in- 224
Vocabulary 225
Abbreviations 258
References 260