Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION 3
1.Introductory Essay by the Editors 3
Ⅱ.THE LEGITIMACY AND CONSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF JUDICIAL REVIEW 9
2.Judicial Independence and Judicial Review in Constitutional Democracies： A Note on Hamilton and Tocqueville&Professor Martin Loughlin 9
3.Political Constitutionalism and Judicial Review&Professor Paul Craig 19
4.The Constitutionalization and Codification of Judicial Review in South Africa&Professor Cora Hoexter 43
5.Constitutions， Codes， and Administrative Law： The Australian Experience&Professor Cheryl Saunders 61
Ⅲ.SCOPE AND FUNCTIONS OF ADMINISTRATIVE JUSTICE 85
6.Judicial Review and Administrative Justice&Professor Carol Harlow 85
7.Human Rights Obligations in the Private Sector： Reflections on YL v Birmingham City Council and the Meaning of ‘Public Function’&Professor Paul Rishworth and Professor JanetMcClean 101
8.Judicial Review in the Age of Tribunals&Professor Peter Cane 120
9.Tribunal Justice —Judicial Review By Another Route&The Rt.Hon.LordJustice Carnwath 143
10.Should the Primary Locus of Government Adjudication be in the Agencies， the Courts， or in a Special Tribunal？ Comparisons Between the US and the UK/Australia Models&Professor Jeffrey Lubbers 163
Ⅳ.CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE JUDICIAL REVIEW 169
11.An Independent Judiciary&The Hon.MrJustice Bokhary 169
12.Judicial Independence and Judicial Review of Government Action： Necessary Institutional Characteristics and the Appropriate Scope of the Judicial Function&Professor Shimon Shetreet 187
13.The Unaccountability of Judges： Surely their Strength not their Weakness&TheRt.Hon.Lord Brown ofEaton-Under-Heywood 208
14.An Impartial and Uncorrupted Civil Service： Hong Kong’s Fight Against Corruption in the Past 34 Years&Dr.Anthony Neoh SCJP 216
Ⅴ.GROUNDS OF JUDICIAL REVIEW 245
15.The Final Frontier： The Emergence of Material Error of Fact as a Ground for Judicial Review&Professor Christopher Forsyth and Emma Dring 245
16.Proportionality and Deference： The Importance of a Structured Approach&Dr.Mark Elliott 264
17.The Intensity of Judicial Review in the Commercial Context： Deference and Proportionality&Professor JaimeArancibia 287
18.Jurisdiction， Functionalism， and Constitutionalism in Canadian Administrative Law&Professor Mark Walters 300
19.The Statutory Fiction of Judicial Review of Administrative Action in the United States&Professor Kevin Stack 317
20.Judicial Review of Regulators&Mr Nigel Plemming QC 332
Ⅵ.ADMINISTRATIVE LAW IN THE HKSAR AND CHINA 359
21.Remedies in Administrative Law&Mr BenedictLai and ProfessorJohannes Chan 359
22.The Dawn of the Due Process Principle in China&Professor He Haibo 382
23.Necessity and the Remedies Conundrum&Mr Richard Gordon QC 403
24.General Themes in the Consideration ofAdministrative Detentions&The Hon.Mr Justice Ma 408
25.Judicial Review in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region： Necessary Because of Bad Governance&MrMark Daly 413
26.The Functions of Judicial Review in Hong Kong&Mr Philip Dykes SC 416
Ⅶ.EPILOGUE 423
27.Themes from the Volume&Sir David Williams QC 423
28.Concluding Comments： Judicial Review’s Constitutional Home&TheRt.Hon.SirJohn Laws 434
Index 445