1 Introduction 1
Why a Disconnect? 1
Crime, Planning, and Sustainability 5
Structure of This Book 7
Endnotes 9
2 A Brief Overview of Crime and Crime Issues 13
Major Issues in Crime and Urban Planning 18
Connectivity 18
Mixed Land Use 22
Zoning 26
Transit-Oriented Developments 28
Parks, Pedestrian Trails, and Greenways 32
Conclusion 35
Endnotes 36
3 Redefining Sustainability 47
Redefining and Refocusing Sustainable Communities 54
Endnotes 56
4 Integrating Crime Prevention into a Socially Sustainable Planning Program 61
Current Crime-Prevention Planning Programs 61
Integrating Crime Prevention into the Everyday Planning Process 74
Cooperation 75
Efficient and Consistent Process 76
Participation 77
Context 78
Eliminate Opportunities 79
Balance 80
Tools for Understanding Context 80
The Neighborhood Impact Statement Model 81
NIS Example 84
Design Guidance 88
Connectivity 88
Mixed Land Use 92
Transit-Oriented Developments 96
Parks, Pedestrian Trails, and Greenways 98
Conclusion 100
Endnotes 100
5 Planning Policy and Socially Sustainable Communities 105
Smart Growth 110
Form-Based Codes 115
Suburban Retrofitting 124
Conclusion 127
Endnotes 128
6 Case Studies 131
Residential Neighborhood Case Study 131
Housing 132
Street Network 134
Land Use and Zoning 137
Crime Patterns 139
Retail District Case Study 145
Endnotes 157
Appendix 159
Index 185