TOPIC 1： OIL TRADING IN THE NEW PRICE ERA 3
Australian Crude Oil in a Free Market&Robert J. Foster 3
Nigerian Oil Trading Experience&Martin M. Olisa 20
Legal Issues in International Crude Oil Trading： An Update&Steven B. Pfeiffer 32
Oil Trading from the Perspective of a Litigator with Particular Emphasis on the Maritime Law Issues of Oil Trading&Peter McCallum Martyr 61
Form versus Function： The Struggle to Adapt Legal Machinery to Economic Reality&Jeffrey A. Mayer Laurie Ferber 80
The Pressure for Contractual Change&Christopher R. Davie 95
TOPIC 2： INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN COMMODITIES AND MINERALS 125
European， American and Japanese Conceptions of Contractual Obligation： Hard Minerals Contracts as a Case Study&Professor Terence Daintith 125
Utilisation of Options in Hedging Price Risks for Producers and Consumers in Commodities&Owen Murphy 140
TOPIC 3： THE CHANGING NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY 153
Governmental Regulation of the Natural Gas Market in the United States&Thomas G. Johnson 153
Deregulation in Canada&Robert C. Muir 187
Privatisation and Regulation of the Natural Gas Industry in the UK&Gilbert C. Hogg 215
Legal Aspects of Gas Marketing in Denmark&Peter K. Storm 226
The Production and Marketing of Natural Gas in Western Australia：An Historical Perspective&Michael E. Wright 237
TOPIC 4： COPING WITH GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION IN RESOURCE PROJECTS 263
State Taking and Regulation of Resource Interests： An Introduction&Dr. Michael Crommelin 263
Constraints on Legislative Actions Affecting Natural Resources Development&Donald N. Zillman Ola Mestad Jan Laitos 268
Responsiveness and Security Within Resource Regimes：Regulation v. Contract Professor Alastair R. Lucas 294
Responsiveness and Security Within Resource Regimes&Professor Dr. Gunther Kuehne 319
The Legal Characterisation of Resource Interests： Does it Matter？&Professor Arvid Frihagen 345
The Legal Structure and Characterisation of a Resource Interest：Does it Matter？&Dr. Peter D. Cameron 356
Government Intervention in Resources Projects&Matthew J. Walsh 361
Typical Problems and Experiences of Practitioners： The Canadian National Energy Program&James L. Gaffney 379
A Practitioner’s Experience in Coping With Political Risks&Tomislavo E. J. P. Dabinovic 383
A Practical Response to State Intervention in Resource Projects：International Insurance Against Political Risk Through MIGA&Claude Duval 393
TOPIC 5： RESPONSES TO BLACK MONDAY 413
Responses to Black Monday： An Australian Perspective&David M. Hoare 413
The BP Disaster and the Future of Multijurisdictional Securities Offerings&Thomas Joyce 424
TOPIC 6： BANKRUPTCY AND INSOLVENCY：US CHAPTER 11 AND OTHER CURRENT ISSUES 435
Recent Developments in Relief Against Forfeiture and Penalties&The Hon. Mr. Justice Gummow 435
Default in Relation to the Abandonment of Installations on the United Kingdom Continental Shelf&Philip Rouse 451
Chapter Ⅱ of the US Bankruptcy Code&Robinson B. Lacy 469
Issues in Bankruptcy： An Operator’s Perspective&John B. McWilliams 490
TOPIC 7： ISSUES IN FINANCING OF RESOURCE COMPANIES 501
Disclosure Requirement for Oil and Gas Producers under the US Federal Securities Law&Thomas Joyce 501
Disclosure Requirements and Issues in Canada for Multi-jurisdictional Public Offerings by Resource Companies&David W. Drinkwater 530
Disclosure Requirements in Multijurisdictional Public Issues&G. F. K. Santow 605
Current Issues Relating to Syndication， Agency， Set-off，Information Memorandum and Fiduciary Duties&Michael F. Orr 632
Current English Legal Issues Affecting Debt Financing—Subordination，Set-off， Security， Syndication， Comfort Letters&Roger McCormick 641
Fiduciary Duties&Stephen Spargo 665
Current Canadian Legal Issues Affecting Debt Financing—Subordination，Set-off， Security， Syndication&Brian G. Hansen 674
TOPIC 8： COAL SUPPLY IN A MARGINAL PRICE ERA 695
Long-Term Coal Supply Agreements in an Oversupplied and Declining Market&Richard A. Kalaher 695
Coal Supply in a Marginal Price Era&Colin J. R. McKillop 722
Characteristics with Regard to the Federal Republic of Germany&Dr. Dietrich Reinhardt 738
TOPIC 9： INCREASING EXPLORATION INCENTIVES IN INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM AGREEMENTS 747
Overview： Increasing Exploration Incentives in International Petroleum Agreements&Mont P. Hoyt 747
Problems Related to the Negotiation of Production - Sharing Contracts &Andre Moquet 762
Exploration and Production Agreements for Natural Gas&Gerald B. Greenwald 776
Incentive Policy and Measures Adopted in China on Offshore Petroleum Exploration and Development on the Basis of Mutual Benefit&You Dehua 793
TOPIC 10： CONFRONTING THE FUTURE：NUCLEAR OR RENEWABLE？ 803
The Swedish Decision to Withdraw&Gunnar Andersson 803
Geothermal Energy&Derek S. Firth 812
Tidal Energy from the Severn Estuary&Michael Buckland 824
Wind Energy： The California Experience&Arturo Gandara 844
An Australian Perspective&Peter A. Bobeff 855
TOPIC 11： JOINT VENTURE WORKSHOP：UNITISATION AGREEMENTS NEGOTIATIONS 863