1 Introduction: The Citizenship Construct 1
2 The Creation of the Concept: The Classical Period 15
3 The City-States of the Dark Ages 29
4 The Movement toward Nascent Nation-States 49
5 The Philosophical Influence of the Enlightenment 55
6 The De Jure Subordinates 83
7 The De Facto Subordinates? 119
8 A New Vision of Citizenship? 147
Notes 159
Index 201
About the Author 209