《PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW:TRUTHFULNESS》PDF下载

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  • 作  者:ACCURACY AND CREDIBILITY SECOND EDITION
  • 出 版 社:WILEY
  • 出版年份:2003
  • ISBN:
  • 页数:224 页
图书介绍:

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1

Chapter 2 TELLING AND DETECTING LIES 7

Some Characteristics of Deception 7

Nonverbal Behaviour and Deception 11

Verbal Behaviour and Deception: Criteria-Based Content Analysis 19

Physiological Reactions and Deception: The Polygraph 20

Detecting Lies 25

Difficulties and Pitfalls for Lie Detectors 28

Summary and Conclusion 36

Chapter 3 FACIAL APPEARANCE AND CRIMINALITY 37

Matching Faces to Crimes 38

Attractiveness 39

Facial Appearance and Deceit 41

Police Officers 41

Children 42

Facial Surgery for Criminals 43

Frequency of Facial Abnormality 44

Weak Methodologies 45

Does Facial Appearance have an Effect in the Courtroom? 46

Attributions of Responsibility 48

Group Decision Making 50

Meta-analysis 51

Real-Life Court Proceedings 52

Summary and Conclusion 55

Chapter 4 INTERVIEWING SUSPECTS 57

How to Get the Suspect to Talk 58

How to Let the Suspect Talk 65

How Many Suspects Confess and Why? 68

Quality of the Interview 71

False Confessions 76

Summary and Conclusion 85

Chapter 5 INTERVIEWING WITNESSES 87

The Effects of Long Delays 88

Facial Identification 92

Individual Differences 93

Suggestibility 93

Suggestion from Stereotypes 96

Interviewing Vulnerable Witnesses 99

Contributions from Cognitive Psychology 100

Contributions from Social Psychology 101

Interviewer Manner 102

Summary and Conclusion 106

Chapter 6 PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS INEYEWITNESS TESTIMONY 107

Estimator Variables and System Variables in Eyewitness Identification 108

Estimator Variables 109

System Variables 120

Summary and Conclusion 125

Chapter 7 FALSE MEMORIES 127

Repression, Amnesia and Memory for Early Childhood Experiences 128

Adults' Memories for Traumatic and Non-traumatic Events 132

Implanting False Memories 135

Mechanisms Responsible for the Creation of False Memories and Beliefs 139

Verifying the Accuracy of Recovered Memories in the Courtroom 143

Summary and Conclusion 145

Chapter 8 JURY DECISION MAKING 147

The Jury System in Different Countries 148

Empirical Research on Juries: Methodology 149

Juror Characteristics 150

How the Social Perceptions of Jurors May Influence Decisions 152

Social Identity and Juror Decisions 152

Prior Character Evidence 153

Publicity Before and During the Trial 155

The Story Model 159

Evidence 160

Aiding Juries 165

Judge/Lawyer Characteristics 166

Jury Deliberation 166

Summary and Conclusion 167

Chapter 9 THE ROLE OF EXPERT WITNESSES 169

Admissibility of Expert Testimony 170

Expert Testimony: Its Impact on Jury Decision Making 172

Examples of Research on the Impact of Expert Testimony 175

Ethical Issues 177

The Hired Gun Effect 178

Objectivity in Child Abuse Trials 178

Summary and Conclusion 179

REFERENCES 181

INDEX 221