Chapter 1. Introduction and Basic Concepts 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Basic Concepts 3
A. Public International Law 3
B. Private International Law 4
C. Foreign Law 4
D. Comparative Law 5
E. Transnational Law 6
F. Soft Law 7
G. Supranational Law 8
1.3 Sources of Law 9
1.4 Types of Legal Sources 11
Chapter 2. Some Basics as You Begin 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 Abbreviations 14
2.3 Dictionaries and Encyclopedias 18
2.4 Research Guides 20
2.5 Directories 22
2.6 Classics 23
Chapter 3.Foreign and Comparative Law 25
3.1 Introduction 25
3.2 Civil Law Versus Common Law 28
3.3 Types of Sources 31
3.4 Developing a Research Strategy 37
3.5 Looking for Foreign Law 42
3.6 Translated Material 44
3.7 Comparative Law 55
Chapter 4.Treaties and International Agreements 58
4.1 Introduction 58
4.2 Some Basics 59
4.3 Getting Started 60
4.4 U.S.Treaties and Agreements 63
A. Background Information 63
1.Full-text Sources 64
2.Treaty Indexes 66
3.Other Full-text Sources 69
4.5 Bilateral and Multilateral Treaties and Agreements 71
A. Bilateral Treaties 71
B. Multilateral Treaties 72
1.Indexes 72
2.Full-text Sources 72
4.6 Implementing Legislation 74
4.7 Background Information， Commentary，Treaty Interpretation and “Travaux Preparatoires” 75
Chapter 5.Customary International Law and General Principles of Law 78
5.1 Introduction 78
5.2 Customary International Law 80
5.3 State Practice 81
5.4 General Principles 89
Chapter 6. International Case Law 93
6.1 Introduction 93
6.2 Judicial Decisions of International Tribu-nals 94
A. Permanent Court of International Justice （PCIJ） 95
B. International Court of Justice （ICJ） 96
C. Court of Justice of the European Union （ECJ） 99
D. European Court of Human Rights （ECHR） 104
E. Permanent Court of Arbitration （PCA） 109
F. Other International Courts and Tribunals 110
6.3 Other Useful Websites 112
Chapter 7.European Union 117
7.1 Introduction 118
7.2 The Formation of the EU 119
7.3 The EU Today 121
7.4 The Euro 121
7.5 The Three Pillars of the EU 122
7.6 The EU’s Organizational Structure 122
A. The European Commission 123
B. The European Parliament 124
C. The Council of the European Un-ion 124
D. The European Court of Justice 125
E. The Court of Auditors 125
F. Additional EU Bodies 126
7.7 European Union Documents 127
7.8 Some Basics for Doing EU Legal Re-search 132
7.9 Legislation 135
A. European Union Treaties 135
B. Secondary Legislation 135
7.10 Documentation of EU Institutions 136
7.11 Finding Directives & Regulations 141
7.12 Implementing Legislation 151
7.13 Case Law 159
7.14 Background Sources 161
7.15 Other Useful Tools 161
Chapter 8. United Nations 163
8.1 Introduction 164
8.2 The League of Nations： Predecessor to the United Nations 164
8.3 The Formation of the United Nations 165
8.4 A Roadmap： The Organizational Struc-ture of the U.N 167
A. The Security Council 167
B. The Secretariat 169
C. The General Assembly 169
D. The Economic and Social Council 170
8.4 A Roadmap： The Organizational Struc-ture of the U.N.——Continued 171
E. The Trusteeship Council 171
F. Specialized Agencies and Other Programs 172
G. The International Court of Justice 173
8.5 The U.N.’s Impact on Human Rights Law 173
8.6 The U.N.’s Impact on International Law 174
8.7 U.N.Documents and Publications 175
A. Getting Started 177
B. Locating Documents 179
1.Offiicial Records 179
2.Full-text Documents 179
3.Document Indexes 185
C. U.N.Resolutions 186
D. Treaties 188
8.8 Other Collections 189
8.9 Beyond the Documents： Books and Arti-cles 190
Chapter 9.Other International Organi-zations 192
9.1 Introduction 192
9.2 Bibliographies and Research Guides 195
9.3 Background Information 198
9.4 Documents and Publications 199
9.5 LexisNexis and Westlaw 206
9.6 Some Final Thoughts 206
Chapter 10. Commentary and Analysis 207
10.1 Introduction 207
10.2 Library Catalogs 209
10.3 Legal Journal Indexes 211
10.4 Law-related Journal Indexes 214
10.5 Full-text Sources for Journal Articles 218
10.6 Working Papers 218
Chapter 11. General Research Strate-gies 225
11.1 Introduction 225
11.2 The Steps 227
1. Think Before You Begin Your Re-search 227
2. Secondary Sources Are Your Friends 230
3. Primary Sources of Law—The Heart of the Matter 231
4. Remember That Non-Legal Sources May Be Crucial 232
5. Make Sure Your Research Is Up-to-Date 233
6. The Big Question——How Do I Know When I am Done？ 233
7. Ask for Help 234
Chapter 12. Source Collecting and Cite Checking 235
12.1 Introduction 235
12.2 Some General Sources： Places to Start 236
12.3 The Six Steps 237
1. Review the Sources 238
2. Decipher the Abbreviations used in Citations 239
12.3 The Six Steps—Continued 244
3. Locate the International Legal Sources Contained Within the Article 244
4. Locate Foreign Legal Sources （Non-U.S. Materials） 251
5. Locate Books and Journal Articles 253
6. Copying 256
12.4 Electronic Sources 256
12.5 Some Cite-checking Tips 256
Chapter 13. Staying Ahead of the Curve 257
13.1 Introduction 257
13.2 New Developments 258
13.3 Blogs 260
13.4 RSS Feeds 265
13.5 Podcasts 267
Appendix A. Comprehensive Source List 269
Appendix B. Web Treaty Collections 297
Appendix C. Websites Containing Trans-lated National Law 303
INDEX 309