PART Ⅰ AN OVERVIEW OF A RESEARCH PAPER 2
Chapter 1 Ideas about Research Papers 2
1.1 Definition 2
1.2 What a Research Paper Is 2
1.3 What a Research Paper Is Not 3
1.4 Significance of Research Paper Writing 3
1.5 Characteristics of a Research Paper 4
1.6 Kinds of Research Papers 5
Chapter 2 Paper Supervision 7
2.1 The Role oftheAdvisor 7
2.2 Advisor-Student Contact 8
2.3 The Student's Role 8
Chapter 3 General Strategies for Writing a Research Paper 10
3.1 General Considerations of Writing a Research Paper 10
3.2 General Strategies for Writing a Research Paper 11
PART Ⅱ PROCESS OF WRITING A RESEARCH PAPER 16
Chapter 4 Choosing a Topic and Researching the Topic 16
4.1 Choosing a Topic 16
4.2 Researching the Topic 22
Chapter 5 Collecting Information 40
5.1 Information for a Paper 40
5.2 Collecting Information 40
Chapter 6 Writing Literature Review 61
6.1 Purpose of Literature Review 61
6.2 Classification of Source Materials 62
6.3 Evaluating Source Materials in Literature Review 63
6.4 Making Your Sources Work for You 64
6.5 Writing Literature Review 67
Chapter 7 Organizing Ideas 69
7.1 Analyzing Your Information 69
7.2 Organizing Your Ideas 70
7.3 Working Out the Thesis Statement 70
Chapter 8 Outlining 79
8.1 Functions of the Outline 79
8.2 The Format of the Outline 80
8.3 Types of Outlines 82
8.4 Rules for Writing Outlines 82
Chapter 9 Writing the First Draft 87
9.1 Useful Tips for Writing the First Draft 87
9.2 Specific Strategies in Writing Your First Draft 89
Chapter 10 Revising the Draft and Finalizing the Paper 96
10.1 Revising for Content and Organization—Macro-revision 96
10.2 Revising for Details—Micro-revision 98
10.3 Finalizing the Paper 102
PART Ⅲ FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER 107
Chapter 11 Format of a Research Paper 107
11.1 The Structure of a Paper 107
11.2 The Format of a Research Paper 107
Chapter 12 Use of Quotations 130
12.1 Kinds of Quotations 130
12.2 Rules Regarding the Use of Quotations 130
12.3 Weaving Quotations into the Text of the Paper 130
12.4 Use of Direct Quotations 138
Chapter 13 Use of Notes 144
13.1 In-text Notes 144
13.2 Endnotes and Footnotes 147
Chapter 14 Avoiding Plagiarism 150
14.1 Plagiarism 150
14.2 Causes of Plagiarism 151
14.3 Sources to Be Cited 151
14.4 Information Unnecessary to Acknowledge 151
14.5 Information Necessary to Acknowledge 152
14.6 Avoiding Unintentional Plagiarism 153
PART Ⅳ DOCUMENTATION 161
Chapter 15 Documentation 161
15.1 What Is Documentation 161
15.2 The Importance of Documenting Sources 161
15.3 Sources to Be Documented 162
15.4 Basic Styles of Documentation 162
15.5 The MLA Style of Documentation 164
15.6 The APA Style of Documentation 172
15.7 The Turabian Footnote and Endnote Style 183
15.8 Electronic or Online Resources 186
PART Ⅴ ENGLISH EXPRESSION 195
Chapter 16 Language Skills 195
16.1 Diction 195
16.2 Phrasing 196
16.3 Spelling 196
16.4 Style 197
16.5 Jargon 198
16.6 Wordiness 199
Chapter 17 Punctuation Conventions 200
17.1 Comma,Semicolon and Colon 200
17.2 Apostrophes 203
17.3 Dashes,Parentheses,Brackets and Hyphens 206
17.4 Quotation and Ellipsis Marks 209
Chapter 18 Syntax Conventions 213
18.1 Sentence Problems 213
18.2 Subject-verb Agreement 216
18.3 Pronouns and Their Antecedents 219
18.4 Tense Inconsistency 221
18.5 Words Separation 222
18.6 Active and Passive Voices 223
18.7 Modifiers,Articles and Prepositions 223
Chapter 19 Paragraphs 226
19.1 Topic Sentences 226
19.2 Connectives 229
19.3 Types of Development 230
19.4 Length and Emphasis 237
PART Ⅵ ENGLISH EXPRESSION TESTS 240
English Expression Test One 240
English Expression Test Two 244
English Expression Test Three 249
English Expression Test Four 255
PART Ⅶ APPENDIXES 262
Appendix Ⅰ Sample Research Papers 262
Sample Research Paper 1 The Elimination of Pragmatic Failures in Cross-cultural Communication 263
Sample Research Paper 2 Stylistic Analysis of English Editorials 281
Appendix Ⅱ Assessment Form 306
Appendix Ⅲ Scoring Guide 309
Bibliography 311