PART ONE:ESSAY WRITING 短文写作 1
1 An Introduction to Writing 3
Point and Support 4
Structure of the Traditional Essay 7
Benefits of Writing the Traditional Essay 12
Writing as a Skill 12
Writing as a Process of Discovery 13
Writing as a Way to Communicate with Others 14
Keeping a Journal 15
Using a Computer 15
Review Activities 18
Using This Text 21
2 The Writing Process 22
Prewriting 23
Writing a First Draft 31
Revising 33
Editing 34
Review Activities 37
3 The First and Second Steps in Essay Writing 48
Step 1:Begin with a Point,or Thesis 48
Step 2:Support the Thesis with Specific Evidence 54
Practice in Advancing and Supporting a Thesis 60
4 The Third Step in Essay Writing 76
Step 3:Organize and Connect the Specific Evidence 76
Introductions,Conclusions,and Titles 85
Practice in Organizing and Connecting Specific Evidence 93
5 The Fourth Step in Essay Writing 101
Revising Sentences 101
Editing Sentences 120
Practice in Revising Sentences 122
6 Four Bases for Revising Essays 135
Base 1:Unity 136
Base 2:Support 139
Base 3:Coherence 142
Base 4:Sentence Skills 145
Practice in Using the Four Bases 148
PART TWO:PATTERNS OF ESSAY DEVELOPMENT 短文的分类和写作手法 159
7 Introduction to Essay Development 161
Important Considerations in Essay Development 162
8 Description 168
READING:Lou's Place&Beth Johnson 189
9 Narration 189
READING:The Yellow Ribbon&Pete Hamill 189
10 Examples 205
READING:Dad&Andrew H.Malcolm 205
11 Process 225
READING:How to Do Well on a Job Interview&Glenda Davis 225
12 Cause and Effect 243
READING:Taming the Anger Monster&Anne Davidson 243
13 Comparison and Contrast 262
READING:Born to Be Different?&Camille Lewis 262
14 Definition 284
READING:Television Addiction&Marie Winn 284
15 Division and Classification 301
READING:Wait Divisions&Tom Bodett 301
16 Argumentation 317
READING:Ban the Things.Ban Them All.&Molly Ivins 317
PART THREE:SPECIAL SKILLS 实用写作技巧 337
17 Taking Essay Exams 339
18 Writing a Summary 347
19 Writing a Report 357
20 Writing a Résumé and Job Application Letter 362
21 Using the Library and the Internet 367
22 Writing a Research Paper 382
PART FOUR:HANDBOOK OF SENTENCE SKILLS 句子写作技巧指南 407
GRAMMAR 409
23 Subjects and Verbs 409
24 Fragments 414
25 Run-Ons 428
26 Regular and Irregular Verbs 442
27 Subject-Verb Agreement 451
28 Additional Information About Verbs 457
29 Pronoun Agreement and Reference 461
30 Pronoun Types 467
31 Adjectives and Adverbs 473
32 Misplaced Modifiers 478
33 Dangling Modifiers 481
MECHANICS 486
34 Manuscript Form 486
35 Capital Letters 488
36 Numbers and Abbreviations 496
PUNCTUATION 499
37 Apostrophe 499
38 Quotation Marks 506
39 Comma 513
40 Other Punctuation Marks 523
WORD USE 528
41 Spelling Improvement 528
42 Commonly Confused Words 533
43 Effective Word Choice 544
44 Editing Tests 551
45 ESL Pointers 562
PART FIVE:READINGS FOR WRITING 以阅读带动写作 577
Introduction to the Readings 579
Looking Inward 584
Three Passions&Bertrand Russell 584
Thank You&Alex Haley 588
Shame&Dick Gregory 595
I Became Her Target&Roger Wilkins 602
Smash Thy Neighbor&John McMurtry 608
In My Day&Russell Baker 616
Observing Others 624
A Legendary Moment&Haven Kimmel 624
The Professor Is a Dropout&Beth Johnson 629
The Monster&Deems Taylor 638
Why Are Students Turned Off?&Casey Banas 645
Propaganda Techniques in Today's Advertising&Ann McClintock 651
Confronting Problems 660
Bombs Bursting in Air&Beth Johnson 660
Here's to Your Health&Joan Dunayer 667
How to Make It in College,Now That You're Here&Brian O'Keeney 673
College Lectures:Is Anybody Listening?&David Daniels 682
Seven Ways to Keep the Peace at Home&Daniel A.Sugarman 689
In Praise of the F Word&Mary Sherry 699
Reading Comprehension Chart 706
Credits 707
Index 709