EUROPEAN LINGUA FRANCAS:CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS 3
1．ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA IN EUROPE:CHALLENGES FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS&Barbara Seidlhofer,Angelika Breiteneder,and Marie-Luise Pitzl 3
2．FRENCH AS A LINGUA FRANCA&Sue Wright 43
3．GERMAN AS A LINGUA FRANCA&Jeroen Darquennes and Peter Nelde 75
4．RUSSIAN AS A LINGUA FRANCA&Aneta Pavlenko 96
5．SPANISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA&Juan C. Godenzzi 123
OTHER LINGUA FRANCAS WITH GLOBAL OR REGIONAL SALIENCE 153
6．CHARTING THE NATION:ARABIC AND THE POLITICS OF IDENTITY&Yasir Suleiman 153
7．CHINESE AS A LINGUA FRANCA IN GREATER CHINA&David C.S.Li 183
8．QUECHUA AS A LINGUA FRANCA&Kendall A. King and Nancy H. Hornberger 219
THEORY,RESEARCH,AND PEDAGOGY IN ENGLISH AS LINGUA FRANCA 245
9．NEGOTIATING THE LOCAL IN ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA&A. Suresh Canagarajah 245
10．CURRENT RESEARCH ON INTELLIGIBILITY IN ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA&Lucy Pickering 272
11．RECENT RESEARCH ON AGE,SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION,AND EARLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING&Marianne Nikolov and Jelena Mihaljevi？ Djigunovi？ 290
12．TEACHER TRAINING FOR ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA Marguerite Ann Snow,Lía D.Kamhi-Stein,&and Donna M. Brinton 324
13．ASSESSING ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA&Caterine Elder and Alan Davies 350