Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 The environmental remediation industry in China 1
1.2 Regulatory overview 3
1.3 The changing market for remediation services 4
1.4 Modern project management 5
Chapter 2 Strategic Issues in Environmental Remediation 6
2.1 Significant environmental statues 6
2.1.1 The environmental protection law 7
2.1.2 Regulations related to the"three wastes" 7
2.1.3 Other statues related to industrial waste management 10
2.2 Fundamentals of environmental remediation 10
2.2.1 The areas of potential project savings 10
2.2.2 The four phases of environmental contamination 11
2.2.3 Factors that affect contaminant distribution and migration contaminant properties 11
2.2.4 Environmental assessment,techniques,and advancements 12
2.2.5 Remediation processes and advancements 12
2.3 Complicating factors in environmental remediation 13
2.3.1 Differing objectives of project stakeholders 14
2.3.2 Charged political nature of environmental remediation projects 14
2.3.3 Conflicting regulations 15
2.3.4 Effect of complicating factors on remedy selection 15
2.4 Scope management 17
Chapter 3 General Project Management Concepts 20
3.1 Environmental project management 20
3.1.1 What is a project? 20
3.1.2 Project management definition 20
3.1.3 Environmental project management 20
3.2 Project criteria 20
3.3 Project management resources 21
3.4 Project management functions 22
3.4.1 Project integration management 22
3.4.2 The four core functions(knowledge areas) 22
3.4.3 Four facilitating functions 23
3.5 Project management steps 24
3.6 Project management functions and boundaries 25
3.7 Project monitoring and controlling 27
3.7.1 Project monitoring 27
3.7.2 Project control 28
3.8 Project life cycle 29
3.8.1 Project phase activities 29
3.8.2 Significance of the phases 29
3.9 The environmental industry life cycle 32
3.10 The project planning and control cycle 32
3.11 General RPM responsibilities during RD/RA 35
Chapter 4 Reviewing Request for Proposal 37
4.1 Request for proposal 37
4.2 Importance of a high-quality proposal 37
4.3 A proposal is a project 38
4.4 Recommended proposal format 38
4.5 Basis for the bid-no bid evaluation 38
4.5.1 The bid-no bid evaluation process 39
4.5.2 The proposal manager and team 39
4.6 Summarizing data 40
4.6.1 Categories of information 40
4.6.2 Site visit/data gathering 40
4.7 Identifying objectives 40
4.8 Specifications 41
4.8.1 Detailed design specifications 41
4.8.2 Performance-based specifications 41
4.9 Political,economical,and technological considerations 42
4.10 Stakeholder analysis 42
4.10.1 The project stakeholder management process 42
4.10.2 Identifying project stakeholders 42
4.10.3 Identification of mission 42
4.10.4 Predicting stakeholder strategy and behavior 43
4.11 Initial risk identification 43
4.11.1 Definition of project risk 43
4.11.2 Project risk factors 44
4.11.3 Risk management 44
4.11.4 Contract strategy considerations 44
4.11.5 Overall project risks 45
Chapter 5 Assembling Project Teams 46
5.1 Identifying key project personnel 46
5.1.1 Skill sets required to perform tasks 46
5.1.2 Typical project team 47
5.1.3 Assembling a technical review team 47
5.1.4 Availability of personnel 47
5.1.5 Commitment and leadership 48
5.2 Team planning and geographical distribution 50
5.3 Project work plan completion/linear responsibility chart 50
5.4 The project office and location 51
Chapter 6 Developing a Work Breakdown Structure 52
6.1 Definition of work breakdown structure 52
6.2 Work breakdown structure formats 52
6.2.1 Tree diagram format 52
6.2.2 Indented outline format 53
6.3 Work breakdown structure functions 53
6.4 Work breakdown structure specifications 53
6.5 Techniques for WBS development 54
6.6 Scope of work based on the work breakdown structure 55
6.7 Risk management considerations 55
Chapter 7 Diagramming/Scheduling 56
7.1 What is so difficult about scheduling? 56
7.2 Schedule definition 56
7.3 Project time management 57
7.3.1 Activity sequencing 57
7.3.2 Duration estimating 60
7.3.3 Schedule development 60
7.3.4 Time control 61
7.4 Method of developing an optimum schedule for an accelerated project 61
Chapter 8 Cost Estimating 63
8.1 Project cost management 63
8.2 Cost classification 64
8.2.1 Direct cost 64
8.2.2 Indirect cost 64
8.3 Types of cost estimates 64
8.4 Information required for assigning resources/cost estimating 66
8.5 Impact of resource assignment on duration estimating 67
8.6 General process for assigning resources/cost estimating 67
8.7 Contingency estimating on lump sum contracts 68
Chapter 9 Earned Value Analysis 69
9.1 Earned value analysis 69
9.2 Definition of terms 69
9.3 Variance calculations 70
9.4 Graphical earned value analysis 70
9.5 Cost and schedule forecasting 71
9.5.1 Calculation of estimate at completion 71
9.5.2 Calculation of estimated duration at completion 72
9.6 Causes of project variance 73
Chapter 10 Advanced Project Planning and Risk Management 74
10.1 Understanding quantitative decision analysis 74
10.2 Structuring the decision problem 75
10.2.1 Decision tree 75
10.2.2 Influence diagrams 76
Chapter 11 Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study(RI/FS) 79
11.1 Scoping 80
11.2 Site characterization 81
11.2.1 Define site physical characteristics 82
11.2.2 Characterize sources of contamination 83
11.2.3 Characterize nature and extent of contamination 83
11.2.4 Perform data analysis 83
11.2.5 Define contaminant fate and transport 84
11.2.6 Define contaminant-and location-specific requirements 84
11.2.7 Evaluate additional data needs 84
11.2.8 Preliminary site characterization summary 84
11.3 Development and screening of alternatives 85
11.4 Treat-ability studies 85
11.4.1 Level of treat-ability studies 86
11.4.2 Suggested content for a pilot-scale treat-ability study work plan 87
11.4.3 Determining the need for treat-ability studies 87
11.4.4 Timing of treat-ability studies 88
11.4.5 Treat-ability study goals 88
11.4.6 Administrative planning 89
11.5 Detailed analysis 90
11.6 Draft RI report 91
Chapter 12 Environmental Risk Management 92
12.1 Why is risk-based approach needed? 92
12.2 Risk 92
12.3 Basic principles of risk assessment 93
12.4 Environmental risk management 95
Chapter 13 Design 99
13.1 Collecting pre-design information 99
13.2 Developing the statement of work 100
13.2.1 Preparing the remedial design statement of work 100
13.2.2 Developing a preliminary remedial design schedule 101
13.2.3 Developing the remedial design cost estimate 101
13.3 Tasking the remedial design 101
13.3.1 Tasking the remedial design to a contractor 101
13.3.2 Preparing and issuing the RD WA package 101
13.3.3 Issuing RD WA amendments and technical direction 102
13.3.4 Issuing technical direction 102
13.3.5 Amending the WA 102
13.4 Closing out the RD WA 103
13.5 Managing the progress of the remedial design 103
13.5.1 Managing RDs 103
13.5.2 Monitoring contractor personnel 104
13.5.3 Providing owner's feedback to the contractor 104
13.6 Procuring a designer 105
13.7 Reviewing and approving the work plan 105
13.7.1 Reviewing the work plan 105
13.7.2 Negotiating with the contractor 106
13.7.3 Approving the work plan 106
13.8 Overseeing the design development 106
13.8.1 Design review procedures 106
13.8.2 Pre-design phase submittals 107
13.8.3 Preliminary design phase 109
13.8.4 Intermediate design phase 110
13.8.5 Pre-final/final design 110
13.9 Value engineering during RD 111
13.9.1 VE screen 111
13.9.2 VE study team 111
13.9.3 VE study 111
13.10 Post-design activities 112
13.11 Design review 113
13.11.1 Bid-ability review 113
13.11.2 Operability review 115
13.11.3 Constructability review 116
13.11.4 Claims prevention review 117
13.11.5 Environmental review 118
Chapter 14 Remedial Action 120
14.1 Introduction 120
14.2 Preparation for the remedial action 120
14.3 Remedial action planning activities 122
14.3.1 Revising the project management plan 122
14.3.2 Assembling the technical review team 122
14.3.3 Finalizing the contract and defining municipal involvement during the remedial action 123
14.3.4 Developing the remedial action statement of work 123
14.3.5 Developing the CE 124
14.3.6 Developing the remedial action schedule 124
14.4 Managing the remedial action 124
14.4.1 Managing the RA WA or teams of the interagency agreement 124
14.4.2 Community relations during the remedial action 125
14.4.3 Reviewing the contractors remedial action work plan 125
14.5 The remedial action procurement process 127
14.5.1 Sealed bidding 127
14.5.2 Negotiated procurement 127
14.5.3 Two-step sealed bidding 128
14.5.4 Non-competitive(sole-source)procurement 128
14.5.5 The remedial project manager's role in the procurement process 129
14.5.6 Approving the contractor's selected constructor 129
14.5.7 Construction contract award controversies 129
14.5.8 Construction contract with a contractor 129
14.6 Pre-construction activities 130
14.6.1 Issuing the notice to proceed 130
14.6.2 Conducting the pre-construction conference 130
14.6.3 Delivering the pre-construction submittals 130
14.6.4 Providing site security 130
14.6.5 Mobilizing the constructor 131
14.6.6 Posting signs at the site 131
14.7 Construction implementation 131
14.7.1 Inspection and testing 131
14.7.2 Reviewing record drawings 133
14.7.3 Changes to the construction contract 133
14.7.4 Managing claims 134
14.7.5 Value engineering during construction 134
14.8 Contractor completion activities 135
14.8.1 Achieving an operational and functional remedy 135
14.8.2 Pre-final construction conference 135
14.8.3 Pre-final and final inspections 135
14.8.4 Contractual acceptance of the project and warranty 136
14.8.5 Remedial action report 137
14.8.6 State operation and maintenance 138
14.9 Site closeout process 138
14.9.1 Construction completion activities 138
14.9.2 Site completion activities 138
References 140
Appendix 142
Case Studies 155
Ⅰ．Treatment of groundwater in Ust-Kamenogorsk,Kazakhstan 155
Ⅱ．Reconstruction of Taopu Waste Water Treatment Plant,Shanghai 168
Ⅲ．Proposal on construction of a test wet park in Haran al Awamied rural area of Syria 179