第一部分 《英语写作基础》重、难点解析 1
第一章 句子（THE SENTENCE） 1
第一节 句子种类（Types of Sentences） 1
第二节 常见结构错误（Common Errors） 2
第三节 即灵活又简洁的句子结构（Sentence Variety and Brevity） 5
本章考试重点题型 5
第二章 段落（THE PARAGRAPH） 10
第一节 写前准备（Pre—writing） 10
第二节 列出提纲（Simple Outlining） 10
第三节 主题句（The Topic Sentence） 11
第四节 统一性（Unity） 11
第五节 连贯性（Coherence） 12
第六节 结束段落（Ending a Paragraph） 12
第七节 段落写作方法（Ways of Developing a Paragraph） 12
本章考试重点题型 13
第一节 概要写作（Precise Writing） 17
第三章 概要及应用文写作（PRECISE AND PRACTIC AL WRITING） 17
第二节 应用文写作（Practical Writing） 18
A．便条（Notes） 18
B．信件（Letters） 18
C．个人简历的写法（Resume） 19
本章考试重点题型 20
Practice 23
A．The Periodic Sentence 23
Ⅰ．Types of Sentences 23
PART ONE THE SENTENCE 23
第二部分 《英语写作基础》练习解答 23
B．The Short and Long Sentences 24
1．Using short sentences 24
Practice 1 24
Practice 25
2．The compound sentence 25
C．Simple,Compound,Complex and Compound-Complex Sentences 25
1．Simple sentence 25
2．Using long sentences 25
Practice 2 25
3．Alternating short and long sentences 25
3．The complex sentence 26
Practice 1 26
Practice 2 27
4．The compound—somplex sentence 28
Practice 1 28
Practice 3 28
Practice 2 29
Ⅱ．Common Errors 30
A．Run—on Sentences 30
1．Period and captial letter 30
Practice 30
2．Comma and a joining word 31
Practice 1 31
Practice 2 32
Practice 3 33
3．Semicolon 35
Practice 1 35
Practice 2 37
Practice 3 37
Practice 4 38
B．Fragmentary Sentences 39
1．Dependent—Word fragwnents 39
Practice 1 39
Practice 2 40
2．—ing and to fragments 41
Practice 1 41
Practice 2 42
3．Added—detail fragments 43
Practice 1 43
Practice 2 44
4．Missing—subject fragment 45
Practice 1 45
Practice 2 47
Practice 3 49
Practice 4 49
Practice 5 51
C．Faulty Parallelism 53
1．Correcting faulty coordination 53
2．Making a series of parallels 53
3．Watching incorrect omission 53
4．Comparisons using than or as 53
Practice 53
D．Misplaced Modifers 55
Practice 55
Also important 56
Practice 1 56
Practice 2 59
E．Dangling Modifiers 59
Practice 1 59
Practice 2 60
Practice 3 61
Ⅲ．Sentence Variety and Brevity 63
A．Modifying Phrases 63
Practice 63
B．Relative Pronouns 64
Practice 64
C．Joining Sentences and Doing away with Unnecessary Words 65
Practice 65
Practice 66
D．Combining Short Sentences 66
E．Sentence Variety through Participle Phrases 66
F．-ly Openers 68
Practice 68
G．to Openers 69
Practice 1 69
Practice 2 70
Practice 3 70
Practice 4 71
Practice 5 72
Practice 6 73
PART TWO THE PARAGRAPH 74
Ⅰ．Prewriting 74
A．Free-Writing 74
Practice 1 74
B．Questioning 75
Practice 2 75
C．Listing and Grouping 75
Practice 3 75
Practice 4 76
Practice 5 76
Ⅱ．Simple Outlining 79
Practice 1 79
Practice 2 79
Practice 1 80
Supporting sentences 80
Ⅲ．The Topic Sentence 80
Practice 2 82
Practice 3 82
Practice 4 83
Practice 5 83
Ⅳ．Unity 85
Practice 1 85
Practice 2 85
Practice 3 86
V．Coherence 89
A．The Use of Pronoun 89
B．The Repetition of Key Nouns and Key Word Groups 89
Practice 1 89
Practice 2 90
Practice 3 90
Practice 5 91
D．Using Transitional Signals 91
Practice 4 91
C．Avoiding Pronoun Shifts 91
Practice 6 92
Practice 7 92
B．Summarizing the Main Points 94
C．Showing a Result 94
D．Putting the Most Important Point Last 94
A．Restating the Main Idea 94
Ⅵ．Ending a Paragraph 94
Practice 8 94
E．Drawing an Inference 95
Practice 1 95
Practice 2 96
Practice 3 98
Ⅶ．Ways of Developing a Paragraph 99
A．Time and Process 99
Practice 1 99
Practice 2 100
Practice 3 102
Practice 4 104
B．Space 105
Practice 1 105
Practice 2 106
C．Exemplification 109
Practice 1 109
Practice 2 111
Practice 3 113
Practice 117
PART THREE PRECISE AND PRACTICAL WRITING 117
Ⅰ．Precise Writing 117
Ⅱ Practical Writing 118
A．Notes 118
B．Letters 118
C．Resume 118
Practice 118
Practice 1 120
Ⅰ．Types of Sentences 120
第三部分 补充练习及参考答案 120
PART ONE THE SENTENCE 120
Practice 2 121
Practice 3 122
Practice 4 122
Practice 5 123
Practice 6 124
Practice 7 125
Practice 8 126
Practice 9 126
Practice 10 127
Practice 11 128
Practice 12 129
Practice 13 130
Practice 1 131
Practice 2 131
Ⅱ．Common Errors 131
Practice 3 132
Practice 4 133
Practice 5 134
Practice 6 134
Practice 7 135
Practice 8 136
Practice 9 136
Practice 11 137
Practice 10 137
Practice 12 138
Practice 13 139
Practice 14 140
Ⅲ．Sentence Variety and Brevity 141
Practice 1 141
Practice 2 142
Practice 4 143
Practice 3 143
Practice 5 144
Practice 6 145
Practice 7 146
参考答案 147
PART TWO THE PARAGRAPH 167
Ⅰ．Prewriting 167
Practice 1 167
Practice 2 167
Practice 3 167
Practice 4 168
Ⅱ．Simple Outining 168
Practice 1 168
Practice 2 169
Ⅲ．The Topic Sentence 169
Practice 1 169
Practice 3 170
Practice 2 170
Practice 4 171
Practice 5 172
Practice 6 174
Practice 7 175
Practice 8 176
Ⅳ．Unity 177
Practice 1 177
Practice 2 178
Practice 3 179
Practice 4 180
Practice 5 181
Ⅴ．Coherence 182
Practice 1 182
Practice 2 183
Practice 3 183
Practice 5 184
Practice 4 184
Practice 6 185
Practice 7 186
Practice 8 187
Practice 9 188
Ⅵ．Ending a Paragraph 188
Practice 1 188
Practice 2 190
Ⅶ．Ways of Developing a Paragraph 191
Practice 1 191
Practice 2 192
Practice 3 193
Practice 4 193
Practice 5 193
参考答案 196
Practice 223
Ⅰ．Precise Writing 223
PRAT THREE PRECISE AND PRACTICAL WRITING 223
Ⅱ．Practical Writing 225
A．Notes 225
Practice 225
B．Letters 227
Practice 227
C．Resume 234
Practice 1 234
参考答案 236
Practice 2 236
第四部分 《英语写作基础》模拟试题 251
英语写作基础模拟试题一 251
参考答案 259
英语写作基础模拟试题二 263
参考答案 270
英语写作基础模拟试题三 274
参考答案 282