CHAPTER 1 PHILOSOPHY OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION 1
Ⅰ.Introduction 1
Ⅱ.Greek Rationalism 1
Ⅲ.The Middle Ages 6
Ⅳ.The Renaissance 7
Ⅴ.Modern Philosophy 11
Ⅵ.Modern Philosophical Trends 13
Ⅶ.Summary 17
CHAPTER 2 GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM 21
Ⅰ.Introduction 21
Ⅱ.General Characteristics of the United Kingdom 22
Ⅲ.Water：The Key Geographical Feature 26
Ⅳ.Geographical History 26
Ⅴ.Surface Features and Geography——by Political Region 27
Ⅵ.Current Situation 38
Ⅶ.Commonwealth 39
CHAPTER 3 HISTORY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM 43
Ⅰ.Prehistory to the Norman Conquest 43
Ⅱ.The Making of a Nation：From the Norman Conquest to the Renaissance 48
Ⅲ.The Tudors：Sea Power and Protestantism 54
Ⅳ.Founding of the British Empire 63
Ⅴ.England in Revolution：Representative and Constitutional Government 67
Ⅵ.England in the Eighteenth Century：The Age of Reason 76
Ⅶ.Napoleonic Wars and a Century of Slow Reforms 84
Ⅷ.Nineteenth Century Imperialism 89
Ⅸ.Twentieth-Century England：Crisis of Identity 92
Appendixes 102
CHAPTER 4 BRITISH ECONOMY 112
Ⅰ.Introduction 112
Ⅱ.Highlights of Britain’s Economic Development 112
Ⅲ.Britain’s Prosperity Today 115
Ⅳ.Britain’s Economic System：A Unique Mix 118
Ⅴ.Consumer Expenditure 123
Ⅵ.Industrial Structure and Output 124
Ⅶ.International Trade 125
Ⅷ.Taxation and Public Spending 126
Ⅸ.Economic Policy 128
CHAPTER 5 BRITISH CULTURE 132
Ⅰ.Introduction 132
Ⅱ.The British People——General Traits 132
Ⅲ.Entertainment 139
Ⅳ.Conclusion 144
CHAPTER 6 BRITISH EDUCATION 146
Ⅰ.Introduction 146
Ⅱ.Medieval England——Church and Class 146
Ⅲ.Renaissance Education 150
Ⅳ.Eighteenth Century——What Is Correct English 153
Ⅴ.Nineteenth Century——Class Struggle and Change 154
Ⅵ.Twentieth Century——Reform，Socialism and Conservatism 157
Ⅶ.Conclusion 162
CHAPTER 7 GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES 164
Ⅰ.Introduction 164
Ⅱ.Economic Activities 164
Ⅲ.Rural，Suburban，and Urban Living Patterns 168
Ⅳ.Physiographic Subdivisions of the United States 172
Ⅴ.Geologic Processes Shape the Nation’s Physical and Human Geography 197
Ⅵ.Energy and Mineral Resources Required for a Modern Society 198
Ⅶ.Summary：The United States——“A Land of Contrasts” 198
CHAPTER 8 HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES 204
Ⅰ.Introduction 204
Ⅱ.Native Americans 204
Ⅲ.Colonial North America 205
Ⅳ.The Founding of the United States 208
Ⅴ.Forming A New Nation 210
Ⅵ.Nationalism and the Economy 215
Ⅶ.Westward Expansion 216
Ⅷ.The Industrial Revolution and Social Reforms 219
Ⅸ.The American Civil War and Reconstruction 221
Ⅹ.Industrialization，Capitalism，and Monopolies 226
Ⅺ.The United States Becomes a World Power 231
Ⅻ.The Post World War Ⅰ Period 233
ⅩⅢ.World War Ⅱ 237
ⅩⅣ.The Post World War Ⅱ Period （1945-1989） 239
ⅩⅤ.Modern Times 248
ⅩⅥ.Conclusion 252
Appendixes 252
CHAPTER 9 BRITISH AND AMERICAN GOVERNMENT 259
Ⅰ.Introduction 259
Ⅱ.Politics 260
Ⅲ.Political Legitimacy 262
Ⅳ.Absolutism and Constitutionalism 265
Ⅴ.Democracy 268
Ⅵ.Indirect or Representative Democracy 271
Ⅶ.Elections 273
Ⅷ.The Assembly Model 275
Ⅸ.Conclusion 276
Appendixes 276
CHAPTER 10 THE ECONOMY OF THE UNITED STATES 286
Ⅰ.Introduction and Overview 286
Ⅱ.History and Growth 286
Ⅲ.Commercial and Nonprofit Firms 287
Ⅳ.Households 291
Ⅴ.Government and the Economy 293
Ⅵ.International Trade 299
Ⅶ.Problems and Challenges for the U.S.Economy 301
CHAPTER 11 AMERICAN SOCIETY 305
Ⅰ.Introduction 305
Ⅱ.Individuals 305
Ⅲ.Families 310
Ⅳ.Groups 310
Ⅴ.Organizations 311
Ⅵ.Socioeconomic Classes，Status and Roles 313
Ⅶ.Race and Ethnicity 315
Ⅷ.Other Social Issues 319
Ⅸ.Social Changes and Global Connections 322
CHAPTER 12 AMERICAN CULTURE 326
Ⅰ.Introduction 326
Ⅱ.Materialism and the Mass Media 326
Ⅲ.Individual Style and Personal Rites of Passage 327
Ⅳ.Manners 330
Ⅴ.Food and Meals 331
Ⅵ.Housing 333
Ⅶ.Pets 334
Ⅷ.Leisure Activities 335
Ⅸ.Holidays 337
Ⅹ.American Values 342
CHAPTER 13 EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES 344
Ⅰ.Introduction 344
Ⅱ.Issues in American Basic Education 348
Ⅲ.Higher Education 352
Ⅳ.Conclusion 357
后记 359