Abstract 1
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Preliminaries 1
1.2 Objectives and methodological considerations 3
1.3 Outline of the dissertation 7
Chapter 2 Previous Research on Deixis 10
2.1 Introduction 10
2.2 Philosophical approach 14
2.3 Pragmatic approach 20
2.4 Narratological approach 23
2.5 Cognitive approach 27
2.6 Summary 34
Chapter 3 Deixis and Text world theory 36
3.1 Introduction 36
3.2 Text world theory:preliminaries 44
3.3 Layers of worlds 50
3.4 Developments in Text world theory 63
3.5 Deixis in Text world theory 70
3.5.1 Working definition and categories of deixis 70
3.5.2 Defining the text world 72
3.5.3 Switching the text world 75
3.6 Summary 80
Chapter 4 Deixis as World-Builders:Difficulty in Identity Constructio 82
4.1 Introduction 82
4.2 The polyphony of Carroll's work 82
4.3 Deictic reference and the definition of a text world 83
4.4 Non-referential deixis in the text world 92
4.4.1 Referentiality of deictic expressions 92
4.4.2 Deictic terms referring to nothing 94
4.5 Predicament in reference 100
4.6 Summary 107
Chapter 5 Shift of Deictic Fields:A Chain of Dreams 109
5.1 Introduction 109
5.2 Allocentric operations in spatial orientation 110
5.3 Shift of deictic fields and reader involvement 112
5.3.1 Deictic field 112
5.3.2 Distinction between pushes and pops 116
5.3.3 Boundaries between different deictic fields 120
5.4 Framing of the text world 126
5.5 Deictic fields in the Alice books 132
5.6 Summary 153
Chapter 6 Representing the Deictic System with Vectors 155
6.1 Introduction 155
6.2 Conceptualization of text 155
6.3 Three-dimensional coordinate system 164
6.3.1 S-axis 164
6.3.2 T-axis 165
6.3.3 E-axis 168
6.4 Axis shift 170
6.5 Representing the conceptual space in the Alice books 173
6.6 Summary 178
Chapter 7 Conclusion 181
7.1 Major findings 181
7.2 Limitations and points for future research 184
Bibliography 188
Acknowledgements 225