《汉语谈判中的模糊语言》PDF下载

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  • 作  者:赵晓华,张乔著
  • 出 版 社:北京:中国社会科学出版社
  • 出版年份:2012
  • ISBN:9787516118993
  • 页数:219 页
图书介绍:人们为什么使用模糊语言(例如‘许多’,‘一点儿’)?人们又是如何使用模糊语言的?通过研究作为中文商务谈判交际策略的模糊语言,我们在本书中探讨上述问题。本研究有别于以往研究的三方面为:1)使用真实、自然的商务谈判语料,2)从词法、句法、语流、语用等多个视角分析研究,3)把社会、文化因素作为相关参数融入到对模糊语言的分析中。本研究发现,从普及性和有效性来看,模糊语言不但不比非模糊语言逊色,而是可能更出色, 因此人们往往更喜欢使用模糊语言。当出于实用性和融洽人际关系这两个目的使用模糊语言时,前者比后者用得多而广。模糊语言的运用在不同程度上受到年龄、亲疏、性别的影响。本书是研究模糊语言在真实的中文商务谈判中如何运用的初次尝试之一,为模糊语言和语言交际的研究增添了重要的内容,并对汉语的模糊性及其有效运用的启示提出了见解。本书可作为从事语言学、语言研究、语言交际学以及跨文化研究的学者和研究生的参考资料,也可供从事语言教学、跨文化教育、语言交际专业培训的教育工作者、以及对语言与语言交际感兴趣的读者使用。

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 Motivation for the study 1

1.2 Purpose of the study 3

1.3 Approach and methodology 4

1.4 Organization of the book 5

Chapter 2 Theoretical foundations 6

2.1 Definitions of VL 6

2.2 The development of VL studies 7

2.3 Linguistic vagueness 9

2.3.1 VL as an integral part of language 9

2.3.2 Pragmatic roles of VL 11

2.3.3 Interactive aspects of VL 13

2.4 Business communication and VL 15

2.4.1 Business communication 15

2.4.2 The use of VL in business communication 18

2.5 VL in social contexts 22

2.6 Other perspectives of VL studies 23

2.7 Conversation Analysis 25

Chapter 3 Methodology 29

3.1 Data collection 29

3.2 Data analysis 31

3.3 Coding system 33

Chapter 4 Analysis of parts of speech at the lexical level 37

4.1 Negotiation 1 37

4.1.1 Parts of speech of the VEs 37

4.1.2 Lexical analysis 42

4.1.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 1 43

4.2 Negotiation 2 44

4.2.1 Parts of speech of the VEs 44

4.2.2 Lexical analysis 49

4.2.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 2 50

4.3 Negotiation 3 50

4.3.1 Parts of speech of the VEs 50

4.3.2 Lexical analysis 54

4.3.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 3 55

4.4 Negotiation 4 55

4.4.1 Parts of speech of theVEs 55

4.4.2 Lexical analysis 59

4.4.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 4 59

4.5 Negotiation 5 60

4.5.1 Parts of speech of theVEs 60

4.5.2 Lexical analysis 64

4.5.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 5 64

4.6 Summarizing remarks 65

4.6.1 General discussion 65

4.6.2 Social factor comparison 66

Chapter 5 Combinational analysis at the lexical level 70

5.1 Pre-vaguefiers 70

5.2 Vague expressions 87

5.3 Post-vaguefiers 95

5.4 Summarizing remarks 104

Chapter 6 Vagueness at the syntactic level 108

6.1 Negotiation 1 109

6.1.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness 109

6.1.2 Syntactic analysis 111

6.1.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 1 111

6.2 Negotiation 2 111

6.2.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness 112

6.2.2 Syntactic analysis 113

6.2.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 2 113

6.3 Negotiation 3 113

6.3.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness 114

6.3.2 Syntactic analysis 115

6.3.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 3 115

6.4 Negotiation 4 115

6.4.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness 116

6.4.2 Syntactic analysis 117

6.4.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 4 118

6.5 Negotiation 5 118

6.5.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness 118

6.5.2 Syntactic analysis 120

6.5.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 5 120

6.6 Summarizing remarks 120

Chapter 7 Pragmatic analysis 125

7.1 Self-protection 126

7.1.1 Contextualized analysis 126

7.1.2 Social factor comparison 132

7.2 Deliberately withholding information 133

7.2.1 Contextualized analysis 134

7.2.2 Social factor comparison 138

7.3 Politeness 139

7.3.1 Contextualized analysis 140

7.3.2 Social factor comparison 145

7.4 Informality 147

7.4.1 Contextualized analysis 148

7.4.2 Social factor comparison 152

7.5 Filling in lexical gaps 154

7.5.1 Contextualized analysis 155

7.5.2 Social factor comparison 158

7.6 Giving the right amount of information 160

7.6.1 Contextualized analysis 160

7.6.2 Social factor comparison 163

7.7 Summarizing remarks 165

Chapter 8 Sequential analysis of VL 168

8.1 Sequential organization using VL 168

8.1.1 Analysis of sequential organization 169

8.1.2 Summary of sequential organization 181

8.2 Sequential strategies through the employment of VL 184

8.2.1 Analysis of sequential strategies 185

8.2.2 Summary of sequential strategies 192

8.3 Summarizing remarks 195

Chapter 9 Conclusions and implications 199

9.1 Lexical patterns of VL 199

9.2 Syntactic forms of VL 200

9.3 Pragmatic functions of VL 201

9.4 Interaction using VL 201

9.5 The influence of social factors 203

9.6 Implications 203

9.6.1 Chinese business communication 204

9.6.2 Chinese language education 204

9.6.3 Intercultural communication 204

9.6.4 Professional training 205

References 207