Chapter 1 Introduction 3
1.1 The Study 3
1.2 The Research Context 6
1.3 The Research Objective 9
1.4 The Structure of the Study 10
Chapter 2 Literature Review 13
2.1 Studies of Knowledge in Different Disciplines 13
2.2 The Definition of Organizational Knowledge and Its Scope 22
2.3 Distinction Between Tacit and Explicit Knowledge 24
2.4 Types of organizational Knowledge 26
2.5 Knowledge Transfer 27
2.6 Knowledge Transfer in MNCs 31
2.7 Outcomes of Knowledge Transfer 35
2.8 Factors Affecting Organizational Knowledge Transfer in MNCs 37
2.9 The Impact of National Culture on Knowledge Transfers 48
2.10 The Impact of Institutional Context on MNCs Knowledge Transfer 53
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework and Hypothesis Development 61
3.1 The Limitations of the Literature Review 61
3.2 Theoretical Framework of Stickiness Factors and the Hypotheses Development 66
Chapter 4 Research Design and Methodology 89
4.1 Sample Background 89
4.2 Questionnaire Design 89
4.3 Data Collection 90
4.4 Sample Data 92
4.5 Construction of the Measures 95
Chapter 5 Analysis of Data and Result Presentation 107
5.1 Types of Knowledge Transferred 109
5.2 The Expatriates' Role in the Process of Knowledge Transfers 110
5.3 Descriptive Statistics for All The Variables 111
5.4 Analysis of Pearson Correlation Matrix of All variables 113
5.5 Multicollinearity Diagnostics Among Independent Variables 117
5.6 Results of Regression Analysis 119
Chapter 6 Discussion on the Empirical Results 127
6.1 Types of the Knowledge Transferred 129
6.2 The Role of the Expatriates in the Knowledge Transfer 133
6.3 Impact of the Characte ristics of Knowledge on the Difficulty of Ttansfers 133
6.4 Impact of the Institutional Context on the Difficulty of Transfers 136
6.5 Impact of the National Cultural Context on the Difficulty of Transfers 140
6.6 Comparison of the Application of Institutional and National Cultural Context 143
6.7 Impact of the Organizational Context on the Difficulty of Transfers 144
6.8 Impact of the Relational Context on the Difficulty of Transfers 147
6.9 Impact of Control Variables on the Difficult of Transfer 149
Chapter 7 Conclusion 151
7.1 Theoretical and Practical Implications 157
7.2 Limitations and Future Research Direction 158
References 160
Appendix Questionnaires 180