Unit 1 An Introduction to Writing 1
Section A Introduction 1
Section B Pretest 2
Unit 2 Wording Skills 7
Section A Levels of Words 7
Section B Meaning of Words 9
Section C General and Specific Words 13
Section D Concrete and Abstract Words 14
Section E Idioms 15
Unit 3 The Sentence 21
Section A Definition of Sentence 21
Section B Classification of Sentence 25
Section C How to Write an Efiective Sentence 31
Unit 4 Punctuation 49
Section A Period,Question Mark,and Exclamation Mark 50
Section B Comma 53
Section C Colon and Semicolon 57
Section D Apostrophe 61
Section E Hyphen and Dash 63
Section F Quotation Marks 64
Section G Other Punctuation Marks 69
Section H Capitalization,Abbreviations,and Italics 73
Unit 5 The Paragraph 85
Section A Criteria for Effective Paragraphs 85
Section B Ways of Developing Paragraphs 95
Unit 6 Figures of Speech 108
Section A Simile 108
Section B Metaphor 109
Section C Personification 109
Section D Euphemism 110
Section E Hyperbole 110
Section F Metonymy 111
Section G Synecdoche 112
Section H Irony 113
Section I Oxymoron 113
Unit 7 The Whole Composition 117
Section A Basic Steps of Writing a Composition 117
Section B Structure of a Composition 123
Section C Types of Composition 130
Unit 8 The Summary 155
Section A Types of Summary 155
Section B Some Techniques for Writing a Summary 159
Unit 9 Formal Style and Informal Style 165
Section A Wording Differences 165
Section B Grammatical Differences 167
Key to Exercises 173
References 183