CHAPTER ONE STATEMNET OF THE PROBLEM 1
Introduction 1
Main Criminological Theories to Explain Crime 2
Anomie Theory 3
Verification of A Theory 6
Purpose of The Current Study 7
The Current Study 10
Organization of The Book 12
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE 14
Historical Evolution of Anomie Theory 15
Theoretical Perspectives 22
The Anomie Perspective 23
Durkheim's Theory on Social Structure and Anomie 23
Merton's Instrumental Anomie and Differential Opportunity Strain 25
Recent Revisions to Anomie Theory—Messner and Rosenfeld's Institutional Anomie Theory 28
The Strain Perspective—A Brief Discussion 32
Definition and Consequences of Anomie 34
Durkheim and Merton's Conceptualization of Anomie 35
Later Conceptualization of Anomie 40
Macro-social Anomie vs.Micro-individual Anomie 41
Operationalization of the Concept of Anomie 44
Scales of Anomie 45
Explanatory Variables Used in the Previous Studies 54
One Country Studies：Economic-related Explanatory Variables and Findings 55
One Country Studies：Non-economic Explanatory Variables and Findings 62
Cross-national Studies：Explanatory Variables and Findings 64
Significance of The Current Study 69
CHAPTER THREE METHODS 73
The Research Hypotheses 74
The Necessity of Using Multilevel Analysis 75
The Importance of Multi-Level Analysis 75
Limitations of Previous Statistical Techniques in Conducting Multi-Level Analysis 76
The Advantages of Using Multilevel Statistical Methods 77
Procedures in Conducting the HLM Analysis 78
The Sample 83
Individual-level Data Source：The World Values Survey 83
National-level Data Sources 88
The Variables 89
The Dependent Variable 89
The Independent Variables 90
CHAPTER FOUR RESULTS 99
Descriptive Analysis 99
Nation Differences in Anomie 99
The Independent Variables at the Individual-level 105
The Independent Variables at the National-level 112
The HLM Analysis 115
CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 128
Clarification of the Concept of Anomie 128
The Determinants of Anomie 130
Explaining the Low Level of Anomie in the United States 132
Monetary Success vs.Legitimate Means 137
Further Discussions on the"Value Shift" 141
The Effect of Rapid Social Change on Anomie 146
Change from One Type of Society to Another—The Nation Effect on Anomie 146
Interaction of Economic Growth with Nation Type 150
The Limitations of the Present Study and Suggestions for the Future Research 152
Conclusion 156
REFERENCES 158
APPENDIX ONE 175
APPENDIX TWO 183
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 203
后记 206