Unit1 1
Part A Liquid fuels 1
Part B Environmental effects of obtaining liquid fuels from biomass 10
Part C Biomass energy systems 14
Unit2 19
Part A Fossil fuels 19
Part B Energy usage 26
Part C Wind power and photovoltaic cells 31
Unit3 37
Part A Bacteria in soil 37
Part B Fungi 46
Part C What controls the presence and expression of the biodegradation capability? 51
Unit4 56
Part A Taking a closer look at agrobiodiversity—the value of diversity and wildness 56
Part B The diversity of life 64
Part C Plant resources evaluation 69
Unit5 76
Part A Water,agriculture and the environment 76
Part B Groundwater 83
Part C Use of water in food and agriculture 88
Unit6 94
Part A Major water compartment 94
Part B The world's water crisis 103
Part C Water resources—the hydrologic cycle 109
Unit7 114
Part A Dimensions of land degradation and desertification 114
Part B Soil erosion and soil fertility in agricultural systems 122
Part C Conservation tillage 127
Unit8 134
Part A Percolation and leaching 134
Part B Drainage 141
Part C Types of water erosion and control 145
Unit9 149
Part A Water pollution from agriculture 149
Part B Water reuse 159
Part C Air pollutants and their effects on human health 164
Unit10 170
Part A Methods of waste disposal 170
Part B Solid waste collection 178
Part C Sanitary landfills 182
Unit11 188
Part A Composting and source reduction 188
Part B Recycling 195
Part C Sludge management 201
Unit12 206
Part A Getting rid of wastes—biodegradation and bioremediation 206
Part B Bioremediation carried out in STPs 214
Part C Bioremediation of petroleum waste 218
Unit13 225
Part A Microbes and metal contamination 225
Part B Bioremediation by white-rot fungi 233
Part C Microbial processes for recovering and upgrading petroleum 238
Unit14 244
Part A Phytoremediation 244
Part B Phytoextraction using hyperaccumulator plants 252
Part C Phytotransformation enzymology and biochemistry 257
Unit15 263
Part A Extra methane production from municipal anaerobic digesters 263
Part B No more sludge 271
Part C Sludge down profits up 276
Unit16 281
Part A Sewage treatment 281
Part B A low-tech alternative to pollution control 289
Part C Air pollution control 294
Unit17 300
Part A The nitrogen cycle 300
Part B The carbon cycle and energy flow 306
Part C Chlorinated hydrocarbons establish cycles 311
Unit18 317
Part A The media of plant nutrition 317
Part B The inorganic components of plants 323
Part C The inorganic components of plants(continued) 327
Unit19 332
Part A Kinetics of nutrient uptake by plant cells 332
Part B Induction and repression of transport system 338
Part C Phosphate transport 342
Unit20 346
Part A Dream farms 346
Part B Sustainable development is possible 353
Part C Chinese ecological agriculture 358
练习参考答案 366
主要参考文献 377