DIVISION 1 GREEK CULTURE AND ROMAN CULTURE 1
Ⅰ．Greek Culture 1
Ⅱ．Roman Culture 28
第一章自测练习 39
第一章自测练习答案 42
DIVISION 2 THE BIBLE AND CHRISTIANITY 47
Ⅰ．General Introduction 47
Ⅱ．The Old Testament 47
Ⅲ．Rise of Christianity 52
Ⅳ．The New Testament 58
Ⅴ．Translations of the Bible 61
第二章自测练习 66
第二章自测练习答案 68
DIVISION 3 THE MIDDLE AGES 71
Ⅰ．General Introduction 71
Ⅱ．Manor and Church 71
Ⅲ．Learning and Science 86
Ⅳ．Literature 86
Ⅴ．Art and Architecture 86
第三章自测练习 97
第三章自测练习答案 100
DIVISION 4 RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION 102
Ⅰ．General Introduction 102
Ⅱ．Renaissance in Italy 102
Ⅲ．Reformation and Counter-Reformation 120
Ⅳ．Renaissance in Other Countries 134
Ⅴ．Science and Technology during the Renaissance 148
Ⅵ．Summing-up 148
第四章自测练习 154
第四章自测练习答案 157
DIVISION 5 THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 163
Ⅰ．General Introduction 163
Ⅱ．Science 163
Ⅲ．Philosophy,Politics and Literature in England 176
Ⅳ．Descartes;French Classicism 196
Ⅴ．Art 207
第五章自测练习 215
第五章自测练习答案 219
DIVISION 6 THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT 224
Ⅰ．General Introduction 224
Ⅱ．French Philosophy and Literature 224
Ⅲ．English Literature 238
Ⅳ．German Literature and Philosophy 246
Ⅴ．Art;Music 255
第六章自测练习 268
第六章自测练习答案 269
DIVISION 7 ROMANTICISM 270
Ⅰ．General Introduction 270
Ⅱ．Romanticism in Germany,England,France,Italy,Russia,and Poland 270
Ⅲ．Art and Architecture;Music 297
第七章自测练习 315
第七章自测练习答案 319
DIVISION 8 MARXISM AND DARWINISM 320
Ⅰ．The Rise of Marxism 320
Ⅱ．Darwinism 332
第八章自测练习 343
第八章自测练习答案 345
DIVISION 9 REALISM 347
Ⅰ．General Introduction 347
Ⅱ．Realism in France,Russia,and Northern Europe 347
Ⅲ．Realism in England and the United States 370
Ⅳ．Art;Music at the Turn of the Century 383
第九章自测练习 398
第九章自测练习答案 403
DIVISION 10 MODERNISM AND OTHER TRENDS 407
Ⅰ．General Introduction 407
Ⅱ．Contemporary Western Literature before 1945 416
Ⅲ．Literature and Philosophy since 1945 436
Ⅳ．Art and Music 452
第十章自测练习 475
第十章自测练习答案 479
综合自测试题（1） 484
综合自测试题（1）参考答案 491
综合自测试题（2） 496
综合自测试题（2）参考答案 503
精编辨析80题 508
精编辨析80题答案 516
主要参考书目 517