Chapter One：The Greek Culture 1
1：The Odyssey by Homer 1
2：Poetics by Aristotle 10
Chapter Two：The Roman Culture 20
1：Commentaries on the Gallic War by Gaius Julius Caesar 20
2：The Meditations by Marcus Aurelius 36
Chapter Three：The Hebrew Culture 47
1：Genesis from The Hebrew Bible 47
2：The Ten Commandments by Moses 59
Chapter Four：The Christian Culture 64
1：Matthew from The New Testament 64
2：The Summa Theologica by Thomas Aquinas 74
Chapter Five：Chinese Attractions 78
1：An Interpretive Essay on The Ming Dynasty Comes to Power by Lung-Kee Sun 78
2：The Travels of Marco Polo by Rustichello da Pisa 86
Chapter Six：The European Ethics 98
1：To Marcus Tullius Cicero by Francis Petrarch 98
2：The Book of the Courtier by Baldassare Castiglione 102
Chapter Seven：The European Expansion 107
1：Treaty between Spain and Portugal concluded at Tordesillas by Spain and Portugal 107
2：The True History of the Conquest of New Spain by Bernal Diaz del Castillo 116
Chapter Eight：The Protestant Reformation 128
1：Disputation of Doctor Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences by Martin Luther 128
2：Decrees of the Council of Trent 135
Chapter Nine：The West Uprising after Renaissance 142
1：The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism by Max Weber 142
2：The Social Contract by Jean-Jacques Rousseau 154
Chapter Ten：The Scientific Revolution 165
1：On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres by Nicolaus Copernicus 165
2：The Descent of Man by Charles Darwin 170
Chapter Eleven：The Enlightenment 176
1：An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith 176
2：Letters Concerning the English Nation by Voltaire 188
Chapter Twelve：American Revolution 197
1：The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen by the National Assembly of France 197
2：The Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson 199
Chapter Thirteen：Socialism and Communism 204
1：The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 204
2：Capital：Critique of Political Economy by Karl Marx 216
Chapter Fourteen：Multiculturalism and Globalism 225
1：The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order by Samuel Huntington 225
2：The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas Kuhn 237
References 250
Acknowledgements 252