Lesson 1 1
GRAMMAR The Simple Present Tense;Frequency Words 2
CONTEXT Pets and Other Animals 2
READING Americans and Their Pets 2
1.1 Be—Forms and Uses 3
1.2 Contractions with Be 5
READING Dog Walkers 7
1.3 Questions with Be 8
READING Guide Dogs 14
1.4 The Simple Present Tense—Affirmative Statements 15
1.5 Negative Statements with the Simple Present Tense 17
READING Search and Rescue Dogs 18
1.6 Questions with the Simple Present Tense 19
1.7 Wh- Questions with a Preposition 21
1.8 Questions About Meaning,Spelling,and Cost 23
READING Marianne and Sparky 26
1.9 Simple Present Tense with Frequency Words 27
1.10 Position of Frequency Words and Expressions 29
1.11 Questions with Ever 31
1.12 Questions with How Often and Answers with Frequency Expressions 32
Summary of Lesson 1 33
Editing Advice 33
Lesson 1 Test/Review 36
Expansion Activities 39
Lesson 2 43
GRAMMAR The Present Continuous Tense;Action and Nonaction Verbs;The Future Tense 44
CONTEXT Getting Older 44
READING Retirement Living 44
2.1 Present Continuous Tense 46
READING Life After Retirement 48
2.2 Using the Present Continuous for Longer Actions 49
2.3 Questions with the Present Continuous Tense 51
2.4 Contrasting the Simple Present and the Present Continuous 56
2.5 Action and Nonaction Verbs 59
READING The Graying of America 64
2.6 The Future Tense with Will 66
2.7 The Future Tense with Be Going To 69
2.8 Will vs.Be Going To 72
2.9 Future Tense+Time/If Clause 75
Summary of Lesson 2 79
Editing Advice 80
Lesson 2 Test/Review 81
Expansion Activities 85
Lesson 3 87
GRAMMAR Habitual Past with Used To;The Simple Past Tense 88
CONTEXT Working Towards a Better Life 88
READING Equal Rights for All 88
3.1 Habitual Past with Used To 90
READING George Dawson—Life Is So Good 92
3.2 Past Tense of Be 94
3.3 The Simple Past Tense of Regular Verbs 96
3.4 The Simple Past Tense of Irregular Verbs 98
3.5 Negative Statements 101
3.6 Questions with the Simple Past Tense 103
Summary of Lesson 3 106
Editing Advice 106
Lesson 3 Test/Review 108
Expansion Activities 111
Lesson 4 115
GRAMMAR Possessive Forms;Object Pronouns;Reflexive Pronouns;Questions 116
CONTEXT Weddings 116
READING A Traditional American Wedding 116
4.1 Possessive Forms of Nouns 117
4.2 Possessive Adjectives 119
4.3 Possessive Pronouns 120
4.4 Questions with Whose 123
4.5 Object Pronouns 124
READING New Wedding Trends 126
4.6 Direct and Indirect Objects 127
4.7 Say and Tell 128
READING Economizing on a Wedding 129
4.8 Reflexive Pronouns 131
READING Questions and Answers About an American Wedding 133
4.9 Questions About the Subject or Complement 135
Summary of Lesson 4 140
Editing Advice 141
Lesson 4 Test/Review 143
Expansion Activities 147
Lesson 5 149
GRAMMAR Singular and Plural;Count and Noncount Nouns;There+Be;Quantity Words 150
CONTEXT Thanksgiving,Pilgrims,and American Indians 150
READING A Typical Thanksgiving 150
5.1 Noun Plurals 151
5.2 Using the Singular and Plural for Generalizations 154
5.3 special Cases of Singular and Plural 155
READING The Origin of Thanksgiving 156
5.4 Noncount Nouns 158
5.5 Count and Noncount Nouns 159
READING Recipe for Turkey Stuffing 161
5.6 Quantities with Count and Noncount Nouns 162
READING Taking the Land from the Native Americans 163
5.7 There+a Form of Be 164
5.8 Using There 165
READING Code Talkers 166
5.9 Quantity Expressions—An Overview 167
5.10 Some,Any,A,No 169
5.11 A Lot of,Much,Many 171
5.12 A Lot Of vs.Too Much/Too Many 172
5.13 A Few.Several,A Little 174
5.14 A Few vs.Few;A Little vs.Little 175
Summary of Lesson 5 179
Editing Advice 180
Lesson 5 Test/Review 181
Expansion Activities 185
Lesson 6 187
GRAM MAR Adjectives;Noun Modifiers;Adverbs;Too/Enough/Very/A Lot of 188
CONTEXT Health 188
READING Obesity:A National Problem 188
6.1 Adjectives 190
6.2 Noun Modifiers 192
READING Obesity:The Solutions 194
6.3 Adverbs of Manner 196
6.4 Adjective vs.Adverb 198
READING Sleep 200
6.5 Too and Enough 201
6.6 Too and Very and A Lot Of 203
Summary of Lesson 6 204
Editing Advice 205
Lesson 6 Test/Review 206
Expansion Activities 208
Lesson 7 211
GRAMMAR Time Words and Time Clauses;The Past Continuous Tense 212
CONTEXT Immigrants 212
READING Ellis Island 212
7.1 When,Until,While 213
7.2 When and Whenever 215
7.3 Time Words 216
7.4 The Past Continuous Tense—An Overview 218
READING Albert Einstein—Immigrant from Germany 218
7.5 The Past Continuous Tense—Forms 220
7.6 The Past Continuous Tense—Uses 221
7.7 Was/Were Going To 226
READING Gloria Estefan—Cuban Immigrant 227
7.8 Simple Past vs.Past Continuous with When 228
7.9 Simple Past vs.Past Continuous 229
7.10 Using the-ing Form After Time Words 230
Summary of Lesson 7 231
Editing Advice 232
Lesson 7 Test/Review 232
Expansion Activities 235
Lesson 8 237
GRAMMAR Modals;Related Expressions 238
CONTEXT Renting an Apartment 238
8.1 Modals and Related Expressions—An Overview 238
READING An Apartment Lease 238
8.2 Negatives with Modals 240
8.3 Statements and Questions with Modals 241
8.4 Must,Have to,Have Got To 242
8.5 Obligation with Must or Be Supposed To 244
8.6 Can,May,Could,and Alternate Expressions 246
READING Tenants'Rights 249
8.7 Should;Had Better 250
8.8 Negatives of Modals 253
READING The New Neighbors 258
8.9 Must for Conclusions 259
8.10 Will and May/Might 261
READING At a Garage Sale 264
8.11 Using Modals and Questions for Politeness 265
Summary of Lesson 8 269
Editing Advice 270
Lesson 8 Test/Review 272
Expansion Activities 274
Lesson 9 277
GRAMMAR The Present Perfect;The Present Perfect Continuous 278
CONTEXT Searching the Web 278
9.1 The Present Perfect Tense—An Overview 278
READING Google 278
9.2 The Past Participle 280
9.3 Irregular Past Participle Forms of verbs 281
9.4 The Present Perfect—Contractions,Negatives 282
9.5 Adding an Adverb 283
9.6 The Present Perfect—Statements and Questions 284
9.7 Continuation from Past to Present 285
9.8 The Simple Present vs.the Present Perfect 288
9.9 The Present Perfect vs.the Simple Past 290
9.10 The Present Perfect Continuous—An Overview 292
READING Genealogy 292
9.11 The Present Perfect Continuous—Forms 293
9.12 The Present Perfect Continuous—Statements and Questions 294
9.13 The Present Perfect Continuous—Use 295
9.14 The Present Perfect with Repetition from Past to Present 299
9.15 The Simple Past vs.the Present Perfect with Repetition 301
9.16 The Present Perfect with Indefinite Past Time 302
9.17 Answering a Present Perfect Question 304
Summary of Lesson 9 308
Editing Advice 309
Lesson 9 Test/Review 310
Expansion Activities 313
Lesson 10 315
GRAMMAR Gerunds;Infinitives 316
CONTEXT Finding a Job 316
10.1 Gerunds—An Overview 316
READING Finding a Job 316
10.2 Gerund as Subject 318
10.3 Gerund After Verb 320
10.4 Gerund After Preposition 322
10.5 Gerund in Adverbial Phrase 325
10.6 Infinitives—An Overview 327
READING Tips on Writing a Résumé 327
10.7 Infinitive as Subject 329
10.8 Infinitive After Adjective 331
10.9 Infinitive After Verb 333
10.10 Gerund or Infinitive After Verb 335
10.11 Object Before Infinitive 336
10.12 Infinitive to Show Purpose 338
READING Rita's Story 339
10.13 Used To vs.Be Used To 341
Summary of Lesson 10 345
Editing Advice 346
Lesson 10 Test/Review 347
Expansion Activities 350
Lesson 11 353
GRAMMAR Adjective Clauses 354
CONTEXT Making Connections—Old Friends and New 354
11.1 Adjective Clauses—An Overview 354
READING Finding Old Friends 354
11.2 Relative Pronoun as Subject 356
11.3 Relative Pronoun as Object 358
11.4 Where and When 362
11.5 Formal vs.Informal 363
READING Internet Matchmaking 364
11.6 Whose+Noun 365
Summary of Lesson 11 369
Editing Advice 370
Lesson 11 Test/Review 371
Expansion Activities 373
Lesson 12 375
GRAMMAR Superlatives;Comparatives 376
CONTEXT Sports and Athletes 376
12.1 Superlatives and Comparatives—An Overview 376
READING Michael Jordan 376
12.2 The Superlative Form 378
12.3 Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs 379
12.4 Superlatives and Word Order 384
READING Americans'Attitude Toward Soccer 385
12.5 Comparatives 386
12.6 Comparatives and Word Order 388
READING An Amazing Athlete 390
12.7 As...As 391
12.8 As Many/Much...As 393
12.9 The Same...As 395
12.10 Equality with Nouns or Adjectives 396
READING Football and Soccer 397
12.11 Similarity with Like and Alike 398
12.12 Be Like 400
12.13 Same or Different 401
Summary of Lesson 12 404
Editing Advice 405
Test/Review 406
Expansion Activities 408
Lesson 13 413
GRAMMAR Passive Voice and Active Voice 414
CONTEXT The Law 414
13.1 The Passive Voice and the Active Voice—An Overview 414
READING Jury Duty 414
13.2 The Passive Voice 415
13.3 Passive Voice—Form and Use 416
13.4 Negatives and Questions with Passive Voice 421
READING Unusual Lawsuits 422
13.5 Choosing Active Voice or Passive Voice 424
Summary of Lesson 13 429
Editing Advice 431
Lesson 13 Test/Review 431
Expansion Activities 434
Lesson 14 437
GRAMMAR Articles;Other/Another;Indefinite Pronouns 438
CONTEXT Money 438
14.1 Articles—An Overview 438
READING Kids and Money 438
14.2 The Indefinite Article—Classifying or Identifying the Subject 439
14.3 The Indefinite Article—Introducing a Noun 440
14.4 The Definite Article 443
14.5 Making Generalizations 445
14.6 General or Specific with Quantity Words 449
READING Changing the American Dollar 451
14.7 Another and Other 452
14.8 More About Another and Other 453
READING The High Cost of a College Education 456
14.9 Definite and Indefinite Pronouns 458
Summary fo Lesson 14 462
Editing Advice 463
Lesson 14 Test/Review 464
Expansion Activities 467