1 Introductory Concepts 1
1-1 Digital and Analog Quantities 2
1-2 Binary Digits，Logic Levels，and Digital Waveforms 4
1-3 Basic Logic Operations 10
1-4 Introduction to the System Concept 12
1-5 Fixed-Function Integrated Circuits 19
1-6 Test and Measurement Instruments 22
1-7 Introduction to Programmable Logic 32
2 Number Systems，Operations，and Codes 45
2-1 Decimal Numbers 46
2-2 Binary Numbers 48
2-3 Decimal-to-Binary Conversion 51
2-4 Binary Arithmetic 54
2-5 1’s and 2’s Complements of Binary Numbers 58
2-6 Signed Numbers 60
2-7 Arithmetic Operations with Signed Numbers 66
2-8 Hexadecimal Numbers 72
2-9 Octal Numbers 79
2-10 Binary Coded Decimal（BCD） 82
2-11 Digital Codes 85
2-12 Error Detection Codes 92
3 Logic Gates 107
3-1 The Inverter 108
3-2 The AND Gate 110
3-3 The OR Gate 117
3-4 The NAND Gate 121
3-5 The NOR Gate 126
3-6 The Exclusive-OR and Exclusive-NOR Gates 130
3-7 Fixed-Function Logic 134
3-8 Troubleshooting 144
3-9 Programmable Logic 150
4 Boolean Algebra and Logic Simplification 172
4-1 Boolean Operations and Expressions 173
4-2 Laws and Rules of Boolean Algebra 174
4-3 DeMorgan’s Theorems 179
4-4 Boolean Analysis of Logic Circuits 183
4-5 Simplification Using Boolean Algebra 185
4-6 Standard Forms of Boolean Expressions 189
4-7 Boolean Expressions and Truth Tables 196
4-8 The Karnaugh Map 199
4-9 Karnaugh Map SOP Minimization 202
4-10 Five-Variable Karnaugh Maps 212
4-11 Describing Logic with an HDL 215
System Application Activity 217
5 Combinational Logic Analysis 233
5-1 Basic Combinational Logic Circuits 234
5-2 Implementing Combinational Logic 239
5-3 The Universal Property of NAND and NOR Gates 245
5-4 Combinational Logic Using NAND and NOR Gates 247
5-5 Logic Circuit Operation with Pulse Waveform Inputs 252
5-6 Troubleshooting 255
5-7 Combinational Logic with VHDL 261
System Application Activity 267
6 Functions of Combinational Logic 285
6-1 Basic Adders 286
6-2 Parallel Binary Adders 289
6-3 Ripple Carry versus Look-Ahead Carry Adders 296
6-4 Comparators 299
6-5 Decoders 303
6-6 Encoders 312
6-7 Code Converters 317
6-8 Multiplexers（Data Selectors） 319
6-9 Demultiplexers 328
6-10 Parity Generators/Checkers 330
6-11 Troubleshooting 333
System Application Activity 336
7 Latches，Flip-Flops，and Timers 359
7-1 Latches 360
7-2 Edge-Triggered Flip-Flops 366
7-3 Flip-Flop Operating Characteristics 377
7-4 Flip-Flop Applications 380
7-5 One-Shots 384
7-6 The Astable Multivibrator 393
7-7 Troubleshooting 397
System Application Activity 399
8 Counters 416
8-1 Asynchronous Counters 417
8-2 Synchronous Counters 425
8-3 Up/Down Synchronous Counters 432
8-4 Design of Synchronous Counters 435
8-5 Cascaded Counters 445
8-6 Counter Decoding 449
8-7 Counter Applications 452
8-8 Logic Symbols with Dependency Notation 457
8-9 Troubleshooting 459
System Application Activity 463
9 Shift Registers 480
9-1 Basic Shift Register Operations 481
9-2 Serial In/Serial Out Shift Registers 482
9-3 Serial In/Parallel Out Shift Registers 486
9-4 Parallel In/Serial Out Shift Registers 488
9-5 Parallel In/Parallel Out Shift Registers 492
9-6 Bidirectional Shift Registers 494
9-7 Shift Register Counters 497
9-8 Shift Register Applications 501
9-9 Logic Symbols with Dependency Notation 508
9-10 Troubleshooting 509
System Application Activity 512
10 Memory and Storage 525
10-1 Memory Basics 526
10-2 The Random-Access Memory（RAM） 530
10-3 The Read-Only Memory（ROM） 543
10-4 Programmable ROMs 548
10-5 The Flash Memory 551
10-6 Memory Expansion 556
10-7 Special Types of Memories 562
10-8 Magnetic and Optical Storage 566
10-9 Troubleshooting 573
System Application Activity 577
11 Programmable Logic and Software 590
11-1 Programmable Logic：SPLDs and CPLDs 591
11-2 Altera CPLDs 599
11-3 Xilinx CPLDs 605
11-4 Macrocells 608
11-5 Programmable Logic：FPGAs 613
11-6 Altera FPGAs 618
11-7 Xilinx FPGAs 622
11-8 Programmable Logic Software 628
11-9 Boundary Scan Logic 638
11-10 Troubleshooting 646
System Application Activity 652
12 Signal Interfacing and Processing 677
12-1 Converting Analog Signals to Digital 678
12-2 Analog-to-Digital Conversion Methods 684
12-3 Digital-to-Analog Conversion Methods 695
12-4 Digital Signal Processing Basics 703
12-5 The Digital Signal Processor（DSP） 704
13 Computer Concepts 719
13-1 The Basic Computer 720
13-2 The Microprocessor 724
13-3 Basic Microprocessor Operation 729
13-4 Computer Programming 736
13-5 Interrupts 746
13-6 Direct Memory Access（DMA） 748
13-7 Internal Interfacing 750
13-8 Bus Standards 753
14 Integrated Circuit Technologies 769
14-1 Basic Operational Characteristics and Parameters 770
14-2 CMOS Circuits 777
14-3 TTL（Bipolar）Circuits 782
14-4 Practical Considerations in the Use of TTL 787
14-5 Comparison of CMOS and TTL Performance 794
14-6 Emitter-Coupled Logic（ECL）Circuits 795
14-7 PMOS，NMOS，and E2CMOS 797
APPENDICES 808
A Conversions 808
B Karnaugh Map POS Minimization 810
C The Quine-McClusky Method 814
D NI Multisim for Circuit Simulation 817
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems 822
Glossary 849