出版说明 1
前言 1
Part 1 Fundamentals of Computers 1
Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers 1
1.1 Inception of Computers 1
1.2 History of Computers 1
目录 1
1.3.1 First Generation(1940-1956):Vacuum Tubes 2
1.3.2 Second Generation(1956-1963):Transistors 2
1.3 The Five Generations of Computers 2
1.3.3 Third Generation(1964-1971):Integrated Circuits 3
1.3.4 Fourth Generation(1971-Present):Microprocessors 3
1.3.5 Fifth Generation(Present and Beyond):Artificial Intelligence 4
1.4 Types of Computers 4
New Words and Phrases 7
Compuer Terms 8
Grammar 专业英语概述 9
Exercises………………………………………………………………………………………1OReference Translation 11
The Great ENIAC 16
Reading Materials 16
2.1 The Von Neumann Model of the PC 18
2.2 Computer System Basics 18
Chapter 2 Computer System Basics 18
2.2.1 Computer Hardware 19
2.2.2 Computer Software 20
2.2.3 Computer Network 22
Computer Terms 23
Grammar英汉翻译基础 23
New Words and Phrases 23
Exercises 24
Reference Translation 25
Reading Materials 29
Who Invented the Computer? 29
chapter 3 Computers Architecture 30
3.1 The Motherboard 30
3.2 Memory 31
3.2.1 RAM 31
3.3 CPU 32
3.2.3 PROM 32
3.2.2 ROM 32
3.3.1 ALU 33
3.3.2 CU 33
3.4 Input and Output 33
3.4.1 Expansion Slot and Cards 34
3.4.2 Expansion Ports and Cables 34
New Words and Phrases 35
Computer Terms 36
Exercises 37
Grammar词汇的理解与表达 37
Reference Translation 38
Reading Materials 43
Mass Storage-Future Trends 43
Chapter 4 Input and Output Devices 44
4.1 Input Devices 44
4.1.1 Keyboard 44
4.1.2 Mouse 45
4.1.3 Touch Screen 46
4.1.5 Scanners 47
4.1.4 Voice Recognition Devices 47
4.2 Output Devices 48
4.2.1 Monitors 48
4.2.2 Printers 48
4.3 Storage Devices 49
4.3.1 Floppy Diskettes 50
4.3.2 Hard Disk Drives 50
4.3.3 Optical Storage Devices 51
New Words and Phrases 51
Grammar名词的翻译 53
Computer Terms 53
Exercises 54
Reference Translation 55
Reading Material 61
Versatile Carrier of Information——CD-ROM 61
Chapter 5 CPU 63
5.1 Overview of CPU 63
5.2 Performance Factors of CPU 64
5.3 Development of CPU 65
New Words and Phrases 67
Computer Terms 68
Grammar代词和数词的翻译 69
Exercises 70
Reference Translation 71
Reading Materials 75
The Manufacturing Process of CPU 75
Chapter 6 Building a Computer 77
New Words and Phrases 80
Computer Terms 81
Grammar词性的转换 82
Exercises 83
Reference Translation 84
Reading Materials 87
What Should Happen to the Old Computers 87
Pant 2 Computers Software 89
Chapter 7 Computer Software Dasics 89
7.1 Computer Programs 89
7.2 Computer Software and Categories 90
7.2.2 Application Software 91
7.3 Software Piracy 91
7.2.1 System Software 91
New Words and Phrases 93
Computer Terms 94
Grammar句子成分的转换 94
Exercises 95
Reference Translation 96
Reading Materials 99
Are Copyrights Fair? 99
8.2 Subcategories of System Software 101
8.1 What Is System Software? 101
Chapter 8 System Software 101
8.2.1 Operating SyStem 102
8.2.2 Utilities 102
8.2.3 Device Driver 103
8.2.4 Language Translator 103
8.3 Popular Operating Systems 103
8.3.1 DOS 103
8.3.2 Windows 104
8.3.3 UNIX and Linux 104
8.3.4 Mac OS 105
New Words and Phrases 106
Grammar增减翻译法 107
Computer Terms 107
Exercises 109
Reference Translation 109
Reading Materials 114
The Personal Computer Era:Apple,DOS and Deyond 114
Chapter 9 Application Software 116
9.1 Document Production Software 116
9.1.1 Word Processing Software 116
9.1.3 Web Authoring Software 117
9.1.2 Desktop Publishing Software 117
9.2 Spreadsheet Software 118
9.3 Database Software 118
9.4 Education and Training Software 119
New Words and Phrases 120
Computer Terms 121
Grammar被动语态的翻译 121
Exercises 122
Reference Translation 123
Origin of Word Processing 126
Reading Materials 126
10.1 Computer Programming 128
10.2 Algorithm 128
Chapler 10 Computer Programming 128
10.3 Control Structure 129
10.3.1 Sequence Control 129
10.3.2 Selection Control 129
10.3.3 Repetition Control 131
10.4 Programming Language 131
10.4.2 High-level Language 132
10.4.1 Low-level Language 132
10.4.3 Compiled 133
10.4.4 Interpreted 133
10.4.5 Object-oriented 133
10.4.6 Scripiing 134
New Words and Phrases 134
Computer Terms 135
Grammar否定句的翻译 136
Exercises 137
Reference Translation 138
Reading Materials 143
History of Algorithm 143
Chapter11 Software Engineering 144
11.1 Software Engineering 144
11.1.1 Importance of Software Engineering 144
11.1.2 Current Directions for Software Engineering 144
11.2 Evolution of Software Engineering 146
11.3.1 Comparing Programming 147
11.3 Comparing Related Fields 147
11.3.2 Comparing Computer Science 148
11.3.3 Comparing Traditional Engineering 148
11.4 Project Lifecycle 148
11.4.1 Waterfall Model 149
11.4.2 Spiral Model 149
11.4.3 Prototyping 149
New Words and Phrases 150
Computer Terms 151
Grammar名词性从句的翻译 152
Exercises 154
Reference Translation 155
Reading Materials 160
Methodologies and Processes 160
Part 3 Computer Application 161
Chapter12 Data Communication 161
12.1 What Is Data Communication 161
12.2 Characteristics of Communications Channels 161
12.2.1 Bandwidth 161
12.2.3 Direction of Transmission 162
12.2.2 Data Transfer Rate 162
12.2.4 Transmission Modes:Asynchronous and Synchronous 163
12.3 Communication Media 163
12.3.1 Twisted-pair Cable 163
12.3.2 Coaxial Cable 164
12.3.3 Fiber Cable 165
12.3.4 Radio and Infrared Links 165
12.3.5 Microwave and Satellite Links 166
12.4.4 Bluetooth 167
12.4.3 GSM 167
12.4.2 ADSL 167
12.4.1 ISDN 167
12.4 Some Popular Data Communication New Technologies 167
12.4.5 CDMA 168
New Words and Phrases 168
Computer Terms 170
Grammar定语从句的翻译 171
Exercises 172
Reference Translation 173
Privacy Protection in Data Communication Systems 179
Reading Materials 179
Chapter 13 Computer Networks 181
13.1 What Is a Network? 181
13.2 How Does a Network Work? 181
13.3 Categories of Networks 182
13.3.1 Circuit Switched Networks 182
13.3.2 Packet Switched Networks 182
13.4 Topologies 183
13.5 Protocols 184
13.5.1 Physical Protocols 184
13.5.2 Logical Protocols 185
13.6 Network Structure 186
13.7 Network Personalities 186
13.7.1 Peer-to-Peer Networks 186
13.7.2 Server Based Networks 187
13.7.3 Client／Server Networks 187
13.7.4 Servers 188
New Words and Phrases 188
Computer Terms 189
Grammar名词性从句的翻译 191
Exercises 193
Reference Translation 194
Reading Materials 200
The Future IPv6 200
Chapter14 Internet 202
14.1 The Creation of the Intemet 202
14.2 Today's Internet 202
14.3 Internet Culture 203
14.4 Internet Techonolgy 203
14.4.2 Internet Service Provider 204
14.4.3 Internet Address and Domain 204
14.4.1 How Does Data Travel over the Internet? 204
14.4.4 URL 205
14.5 Connection to the Internet 205
New Words and Phrases 206
Computer Terms 207
Grammar定语从句的翻译 207
Exercises 209
Reference Translation 209
The Difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web 213
Reading Materials 213
Chapter 15 Multimedia 214
15.1 What Is Mulfimedia 214
15.2 Elements of Multimedia 214
15.2.1 Text 214
15.2.2 Audio 214
15.2.3 Graphics Images 215
15.2.4 Animation 215
15.3 Multimedia Equipment 216
15.2.5 Full-motion Video 216
15.4 Multimedia Application 217
New Words and Phrases 218
Computer Terms 219
Grammar状语从句的翻译 219
Exercises 220
Reference Translation 221
Reading Materials 224
Virtual Reality 224
16.1.1 Operator Error 226
Chapter 16 Data Security 226
16.1 What Can Go Wrong? 226
16.1.2 Power Failures,Spikes and Surges 227
16.1.3 Hardware Failure 227
16.2 Viruses and Other Pesky Stuff 228
16.2.1 Computer Viruses 228
16.2.2 Categories of Computer Viruses 228
16.2.3 How You Get Infected 229
16.3 Protecting Yourself 229
New Words and Phrases 230
Grammar长句的翻译 231
Computer Terms 231
Exercises 232
Reference Translation 233
Reading Materials 237
Using Antivirus Software 237
Chapter 17 Electronic Commerce 238
17.1 Historical Development of E-Commerce 238
17.2 Making Money on the Web 239
17.3 What Is B2B E-Commerce? 241
New Words and Phrases 242
17.4 Acceptance of E-Commerce 242
Computer Terms 243
Grammar强调句翻译 243
Exercises 244
Reference Translation 245
Reading Materials 249
Why a Web Site Is Essential 249
Chapter 18 Computer Graphics 250
18.1 What Is Computer Graphics? 250
18.2.1 Bitmap Graphics 251
18.2 Representing Graphics 251
18.2.2 Vector Graphics 252
18.3 Organization of Graphics System 252
18.3.1 The Processor 252
18.3.2 Memory 252
18.3.3 Input Device 252
18.3.4 Output Device 253
18.4 Graphics Software 253
18.5.4 User Interfaces 254
18.5.3 Simulation 254
18.5.2 Design 254
18.5.1 Display of Information 254
18.5 Applications of Computer Graphics 254
New Words and Phrases 255
Computer Terms 255
Grammar专业英语中常用的符号和数学表达式 256
Exercises 257
Reference Translation 258
Reading Materials 262
Powerful OpenGL 262
参考文献 262