《汉英心理学分类辞典》PDF下载

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  • 作  者:叶光荣编
  • 出 版 社:厦门:厦门大学出版社
  • 出版年份:2014
  • ISBN:9787561552889
  • 页数:752 页
图书介绍:本辞书严格遵循心理学学科体系的主轴,博览群书、精挑细选,尽可能全面地搜集有关心理学学科的专业和非专业的词语共三万余条。所选词条几乎涵盖了心理科学研究的方方面面。此外,辞书还搜罗了有关高级神经系统和条件反射、生理与心理疾病及防治、心理卫生与心理咨询、心理与生理实验、人的生理结构与需求、婚姻与家庭等与心理专业有关的词汇。实乃大专院校尤其是高等师范院校师生与专业翻译人员的得力助手和有用工具。

一、心理学理论与研究 Theories and Studies of Psychology 1

(一)有关心理的一般词语 General Words About Mentality 1

1.心理 Mind,Mentality 1

2.精神 Psyche,Mind,Spirit 7

3.心灵 Soul,Psyche 11

(二)心理学研究的对象与任务 The Objects and Tasks of Psychological Studies 12

1.人类与生物 Mankind and Living Things 12

2.人种与种族 Human Species and Race 15

3.人与角色 Persons and Roles 16

(1)人 Human Being 16

①人 Person 17

②人口 Population 20

③人道 Humanity 22

④人文 Humanity 22

⑤人本 Human Oriented 22

⑥人机 Human-Machine 23

⑦人力 Human Resource,Manpower 23

⑧个人 Individual 23

⑨个体 Individual 26

⑩个别 Individual 26

(2)角色 Role 27

4.动物与生灵 Animal and the People 28

5.心理发展和人的意识 Mental Development and Man's Consciousness 30

(1)心理发展 Mental Development 30

(2)人的意识 Man's Consciousness 32

6.心理活动的规律 Principles of Mental Activities 33

(三)心理学研究的定律与原则 The Laws and Principles of Psychological Studies 34

1.定律与节律 Laws and Rhythm 34

2.原则与原理 Principle and Theorem 36

(1)原则 Principle 36

(2)原理 Theorem(定理) 38

3.规则与守则 Canon and Rule 39

(四)心理学研究的方法论 The Methods of Psychological Studies 40

(五)心理学理论与学说 The Theories of Psychology 48

1.理论 Theory 48

2.学说 Doctrine 60

(六)心理学流派与主义 Psycholoyical Schools and Doctrine 63

(七)心理学学科与课程 Psychological Subjects and Curriculum 66

二、心理过程(认识过程) Psychological Process(Cognitive Process) 76

(一)刺激与反应 Stimulus and Response 76

1.分析器(感受器) Analyzers(Accepters) 76

2.感受与感受性 Receptivity(Sensitivity)Feeling and Sensibility 76

3.刺激与反应 Stimulus and Response(Reaction) 79

4.反映(反馈)与效应 Reflection(Feedback)and Effect 86

5.观察与观察力 Observation and the Power of Observation 90

6.目标与对象 Target and Object 91

7.物质与存在 Substance and Existence 93

8.现象与征兆 Phenomenon and Sign 94

9.宇宙与世界 Universe and World 95

10.自然与现实 Nature and Reality 98

11.环境与生态 Environment and Ecology(Bionomics) 101

12.主观与客观 Subjective and Objective 103

13.宏观与微观 Macro and Micro 105

14.时间与空间 Time and Space 106

15.位置与地位 Position 110

16.内在与外在 Internal and External 111

17.适应与顺应 Adaptation and Adjustment 115

18.调节与协调 Accomodation and Coordination 117

19.相对与绝对 Relative and Absolute 118

20.选择与淘汰 Selection and Elimination 119

(二)感觉 Sensation 121

1.视觉 Visual Sensation,Sense of Vision 125

2.听觉 Auditory Sensation 131

3.味觉 Gustatory Sensation 133

4.嗅觉 Alfactory Sensation 134

5.触觉 Tactile Sensation 135

6.痛觉 Pain Sensation 137

7.肤觉 Skin Sensation 137

8.温觉 Warm Sensation 137

9.动觉 Kinaesthesis 138

10.错觉 Illusion,Misapprehension 139

11.肌体觉 Organic Sensation 140

12.其他觉 Other Sensations 140

(三)知觉 Perception 141

(四)识记与记忆 Memorization and Memory 144

1.认知与识记 Cognition and Memorization 144

2.记忆的类型与特征 Types and Characters of Memory 148

3.回忆 Recall 152

4.遗忘 Forgetting 152

(五)注意 Attention 153

(六)思维 Thinking 155

1.思维的一般词语 General Words About Thinking 155

2.思维的过程 The Process of Thinking 158

(1)理解与领会 Comprehension and Apprehension 158

(2)分析与比较 Analysis and Comparison 160

①分析 Analysis 160

②比较 Comparison 164

(3)差异与误差 Difference and Error 166

(4)区分与辨别 Distinguish and Discrimination 171

(5)综合与归纳 Synthesis and Induction 172

(6)判断与推理 Judgement and Deduction 174

(7)抽象与概括 Abstraction and Generalization 177

(8)决策与决定 Strategy and Decision 179

(9)概念的形成 Formation of Concept 181

(10)观念与思想 Idea and Thought 183

(11)观点与想法 Viewpoint and Notion 185

(12)意见与见解 Opinion and View 187

(13)逻辑与修辞 Logic and Rhetoric 189

(14)假说与规则 Hypothesis and Rules 192

(七)想象 Imagination 194

1.想象的一般词语 General Words About Imagination 194

2.想象的类别 Types of Imagination 195

(1)联想 Association 195

(2)幻想 Fantasy 197

(3)理想 Ideal 198

(4)梦想 Dream 198

(5)印象 Impression 199

(6)表象 Image 200

(7)意象 Imagery 201

(8)后象 After-Image 201

(9)妄想 Delusion 201

(10)幻觉 Hallucination 202

3.情景与情境 Situation and Context 203

(八)言语和语言 Speech and Language 205

1.言语和语言的一般词语 General Words About Speech and Language 205

(1)语言 Language 205

(2)言语 Speech 212

2.言语的类别 Types of Speech 215

(1)语言 Language 215

(2)言语 Speech 218

(3)话语 Discourse 219

(4)方言 Dialect 222

(5)短语 Phrase 223

(6)术语 Terminology 224

(7)口语 Oral Language 224

3.言语的形成与要素 Formation and Key Elements of Speech 225

(1)言语的发音器官 Articulating Organs of Speech 225

(2)言语的要素 Key Elements of Speech 226

①语音 Speech Sound 226

A.音素与音位 Phoneme 228

B.音节与音变 Syllable and Sound Change 230

C.音段与音韵 Segment and Rhyme 231

D.音标与重音 Phonetic-Symbols and Stress 232

E.语调 Intonation 234

②词汇 Vocabulary 235

A.词素(语素) Morpheme 240

B.词源 Etymology 241

C.词根 Root 242

D.词缀(附加成分) Affix(附加成分) 242

E.构词与形态 Word-Building and Morpho 242

③语法 Grammar 243

4.语言体系与语言要素 Family and Key Elements of Languages 246

(1)语言体系 Family of Languages 246

①语系 Family of language 246

②语族 Group 246

③语群 Group 248

④语支 Branch 248

(2)语言要素 Key Elements of Languages 249

①语素 Morpheme 249

②语义 Semanteme 249

③语境 Context of Words 252

④语体 Linguistic Style 252

⑤语用 Pragma 253

⑥语篇 Textual 254

⑦语段、语域 Text,Register 254

⑧语符 Symbol 254

5.翻译 Translation 255

三、心理特性 Psychological Character 258

(一)需要与情感 Need and Affection 258

1.需要 Need 258

(1)需要与需求 Need and Requirement 258

(2)动机与念头 Motivation 259

(3)兴趣与爱好 Interests and Hobby 261

(4)欲望与愿望 Desire and Wishes 262

(5)预期与期望 Anticipation and Expectation 263

(6)意向与意愿 Intention and Tendency 265

(7)追求与发现 Pursuit and Discovery 266

(8)癖、狂与瘾 Special Hobby,Mania and Addiction 266

①癖 Special Hobby 266

②狂 Mania 267

③瘾 Addiction 268

2.情感与情绪 Affection and Emotion 268

(1)情感与情绪一般词语 General Words About Affection and Emotion 268

①情感 Affection 268

②情绪 Emotion 271

③情结 Complex 273

①感情 Feeling,Sentiment 273

(2)情感和情绪的类别 Types of Affection and Emotion 274

①心境 Mood 274

②激情 Intense Emotion 275

③表情 Expression 275

A.喜、怒、哀、乐 Pleasure,Anger,Sorrow and Joy 277

B.悲、欢、郁、愁 Grief,Delight,Dump and Distress 279

C.羞、悔、怨、恨 Shame,Remorse,Complaint and Hatred 280

D.惊、惧、焦虑 Terror,Fear and Anxiety 282

(3)内心感受 Thoughts and Feelings of Inner Center 285

(4)情感的交流与培养 Communication and Cultivation of Affection 286

①社会与群体 Society and Group 286

②机构与社团(区) Institution and Community 301

③团体与组织 Group and Organization 302

④集体与小组 Aggregation and Group 304

⑤同伴与自我 Reciprocity and Ego/Self 307

⑥领导与雇佣 Leadership and Employment 314

⑦人际与关系 Interpersonal Relation 317

⑧交流(际)与沟通 Communication 320

⑨社交与友谊 Sociability and Friendship 321

⑩团结(统一)与合作 Unity and Cooperation 324

(11)相互与竞争 Interaction(Mutual)and Competition 325

(12)道德与文明 Morals(Morality)and Civilization 328

(二)意志行动与熟练 Will,Action and Proficiency 331

1.意志与行动 Will and Action 331

(1)意志的一般词语 General Words About Will 331

(2)意志行动的类别与内容 Types and Contents of Will and Action 332

①行为与动作 Behavior and Act 332

②行动与活动 Action and Activity 340

③运动 Movement-Motion 343

2.熟练与技能 Proficiency and Skill 346

(1)熟练的一般词语 General Words About Proficiency 346

(2)熟练的过程与类别 Process and Types of Proficiency 346

①熟练的形成曲线 Forming Curve of Proficiency 346

②技能与技艺 Skill and Technique 348

③技术与技巧 Technology 348

④习惯与本领 Habits and Capability 351

⑤文化与科学 Culture and Science 353

⑥知识与学问 Knowledge and Scholarship 361

⑦创造与发明 Creation and Invention 365

⑧发现与探索 Discovery and Exploration 367

⑨经验与经历 Experience and Experiences 368

⑩专业与职业 Profession and Occupation 369

(3)熟练的培养与发展 Cultivation and Development of Proficiency 375

①教育与培养 Education and Cultivation 375

②教学与传授 Instruction and Impartation 406

③训练与培训 Training and Drilling 417

④学习与阅读 Learning and Reading 421

⑤自学与进修 Self-study and Engage in Advanced Studies 431

⑥练习与复习 Practice and Reviewing 432

⑦模仿与克隆 Imitation and Cloning 433

⑧实践与实习 Practice 435

⑨劳动与生产 Labour and Production 436

⑩工作与劳作 Work and Manual Work 439

(11)设计与规划 Design and Project 441

(12)操作与测量 Operation and Measurement 443

(13)检验与测验 Test and Examination 446

(14)调查与研究 Survey and Study(Research) 458

(15)讨论与争辩 Discussion and Argument 463

(16)信息与媒介 Information and Media(Medium) 465

(17)统计与计算 Statistics and Calculation 469

(18)咨询与顾问 Consultation and Consultant 472

(19)示范与指导 Demonstration and Guidance 473

(20)经营与管理 Operation and Management 475

(三)个性的心理特征 Mental Characteristics of Personality 479

1.禀赋与能力 Endowment and Ability(or Capability) 479

(1)禀赋 Endowment 479

①天资与素质 Talent and Inclination 479

②智能与智慧 Intelligence Capacity and Mental Endowment 481

③智力与智商 Intellect and Intelligence Quotient〔IQ〕 482

④遗传与基因 Heredity and Gene 485

⑤本能与禀性 Instinct and Endowment 489

(2)能力 Capability 490

①能力的一般词语 General Words About Capability 490

②能力的类别 Types of Capability 493

A.才能与才干 Talent and Capability(Ability) 493

B.能量与潜能 Energy and Potentiality 494

C.力与力量 Force and Strength 495

(3)功能与机能 Function 497

2.气质 Temperament 500

3.性格与个性 Character and Personality 500

(1)性格与个性的一般词语 Words About Character and Personality 500

①性格 Character 500

②个性 Individual Characteristics 501

③人格 Personality 503

④品性 Conduct 505

⑤特征(质) Character(Feature) 506

(2)人的性格类型 Types of Personal Character 508

4.属性 Attribute 509

四、高级神经系统和条件反射 Advanced Nervous System and Conditioned Reflex 515

(一)有关神经的一般词语 The Words About Nerves 515

(二)反射与反射的类型 Reflex and Types of Reflex 519

(三)大脑的结构与功能 Structure and Function of Cerebrum 521

1.脑 Brain 521

2.大脑与大脑两半球 Cerebrum and Brain Hemispheres 523

3.大脑皮层 Cerebral Cortex 524

4.高级神经活动的反射机制 Reflex Mechanism of Advanced Neural Activity 525

(四)大脑活动的信号系统Signal System of Cerebral Activity 525

1.信号与符号 Signal and Symbol 525

2.编码与代码 Encoding and Code 527

3.标记与模式 Label and Model(Pattern) 528

4.样本与取样 Sample and Sampling 530

5.数据与资料 Data and Material 532

6.数字与数目 Figure and Numbers 537

7.类型与类别 Type(Style)and Category 538

8.参照与参考 Anchorage and Reference 539

9.系统与序列(系列) System and Sequence(Series) 540

10.常模与常态 Norm and Normal 545

11.随机与终端 Random and Terminal 547

12.系数与指数 Coefficient and Index 549

13.比率与概率 Ratio(Rate)and Probability 551

五、生理与心理疾病 Physiological Disease and Mental Illness 554

(一)生理疾病 Physiological Disease 554

1.有关疾病的一般词语 General Words About Disease 554

2.疾病 Disease,Sickness 555

3.病症 Malady 556

4.症状 Symptom 559

5.五官疾病 Disease of Facial Features 562

(1)盲 Blindness 562

(2)聋 Deafness 564

6.内科疾患 Internal Diseases 564

7.外科及皮肤疾病 Surgery and Dermatosis 565

8.脑病 Encephalopathy 566

9.骨伤病 Diseaes of Skeletal Growth and Wound 566

10.过敏性疾病 Allergic Disease 567

11.肢体残疾 Mutilation 567

12.功能疾病 Functional Disease 568

13.炎症 Inflammation 569

14.泌尿疾病 Endocrine Disorder 569

15.癔病(歇斯底里) Hysteria,Hysterism 570

16.癫痫症 Epilepsy 570

17.痴呆症 Dementia 571

18.麻痹症 Paralysis 571

19.谵妄症 Delirium 572

20.综合症(征) Syndrome 572

21.其他疾病 The Others 573

(二)心理疾病 Mental Illness 574

1.心理病症 Mental Malady 574

2.障碍症 Disorder,Disturbance 575

3.焦虑症 Anxiety 578

4.躁狂症 Mania 579

5.抑郁症 Depression Melancholia 579

6.恐惧(佈)症 Phobia 580

7.遗忘症 Amnesia 582

8.幻觉症 Hallucinosis 582

9.妄想症 Delusion 582

10.神经症 Neurosis 583

11.精神病 Psychosis 583

12.精神分裂症 Schizophrenia 584

13.其他 The Others 585

(三)疾病的防治与医疗 Prevention and Therapy of Diseases 585

1.预防 Prevention 585

2.治疗 Cure,Treatment 586

3.疗法 Therapy 588

(四)心理卫生与心理健康 Mental Hygiene and Mental Health 591

1.卫生 Hygiene 591

2.保健 Health Care 592

3.健康 Health 593

(五)心理难题与心理咨询 Mental Problems and Mental Counseling 594

六、生理与心理实验 Physiological and Psychological Experiments 596

(一)有关实验的一般词语 General Words About Experiments 596

(二)实验的基地与场所 Base and Place of Experiments 600

(三)实验的仪器与设备 Instruments and Equipments of Experiments 601

1.实验设施 Experimental Equipments 601

2.实验仪器 Experimental Apparatus 602

(1)仪器 Instruments 602

(2)计 Meter 603

(3)器 Meter 604

(4)机 Machine,Engine 608

(5)镜 Mirror 608

(6)瓶 Bottle,Flask 609

(7)管 Pipes,Tube 609

3.模型 Models 610

4.计算机 Calculator,Computer 612

5.其他实验物品 Other Experimental Objects 612

(四)实验的药物与材料 Drugs and Materials of Experiments 615

1.药物 Drugs 615

2.剂 Injection 617

3.素 618

4.激素 Hormone 618

5.酶 Enzyme 619

6.酸 Acid 619

7.碱 Alkali,Soda 620

8.胺 Amine 620

9.醇 620

10.酮 621

11.脂类 Lipid 621

12.苷 621

13.妥 621

14.嗪 621

15.毒品 Drug 622

16.其他 The Others 622

(五)(实验的)项目与内容 Items and Contents(of Experiments) 623

1.项目 Item 623

2.内容 Content 624

(六)(实验的)目的与命题 Goal and Proposition(of Experiments) 624

1.目的 Aim,Purpose 624

2.课题与任务 Tasks 627

3.问题 Problem 628

(七)(实验的)计划与方案 Program and Scheme(of Experiments) 630

1.计划 Planning and Projection 630

2.方案 Scheme,Program 632

(八)(实验的)程序与步骤过程 Procedure and Process(of Experiments) 632

1.程序 Procedure 632

2.过程 Process 634

(九)(实验的)手段与方式 Means and Ways(of Experiments) 635

1.手段 Means 635

2.方式与方法 Ways and Methods 636

(十)(实验的)条件与标准 Condition and Standard(of Experiments) 637

1.条件 Condition 637

2.标准(效标) Criterion,Standard 639

3.水平 Level 642

4.等级 Grade,Rank 643

(十一)(实验的)图表与量表 Diagrams and Scales(of Experiments) 644

1.图 Chart,Diagram 644

2.图表 Schedule 645

3.图式与其他 Schema(Schemata)and Others 647

4.量表 Scale,scaling 648

(十二)(实验的)结果与论证 Results and Demonstration(of Experiments) 652

1.效果与结果 Effect and Result 652

2.质量与数量 Quality and Quantity 654

(1)质量 Quality,Mass 654

(2)数量 Quantity 655

3.作用与影响 Effect(Role)and Influence 656

(1)作用 Effect 656

(2)影响 Effect,Influence 657

4.论证与示范 Demonstration 658

(十三)(实验的)评估与评价 Assessment and Evaluation(of Experiments) 659

1.评估与评定 Assessment 659

2.评价与评分 Evaluation and Grading(Marking) 662

七、人的生理结构 Physiological Structure of Person 665

(一)有关生理的一般词语 General Words About Physiology 665

(二)有关“结构”的一般词语 General Words About“Structure” 666

(三)人体的各个部位 Parts of Human Body 668

1.细胞 Cells 668

2.机体和身体 Organism and Body 670

3.感官 Sense Organs 672

(1)眼 Eye 673

(2)耳 Ear 674

(3)鼻 Nose 675

(4)口腔 Oral Cavity 675

4.肌肉 Muscle 676

5.骨骼 Bones 677

6.脑 Brain 679

7.躯体各部位 Parts of Body 680

(1)面部 Face 680

(2)头部 Head 680

(3)四肢 Limbs 681

①手 Hand 681

②足 Foot 681

(4)躯体 Trunk 682

8.脏器 Internal Organs 685

9.器官与组织 Organ and Tissue 688

10.分泌物 Secretion 689

11.排泄物 Excrement 689

12.血液 Blood 690

(四)身体的发育与成长 Growth and Development of the Body 691

八、人的生理需求 Physiological Demand of Person 693

(一)饮食起居 Eating and Drinking 693

(二)睡眠与休息 Sleeping and Resting 694

1.睡眠 Sleep 694

2.休息 Rest 696

3.催眠 Hypnosis 696

(三)性欲与性生活 Sexuality(Eroticism)and Copulation 697

1.性与性欲 Sex and Sexuality 697

2.性生活 Sexual Life 699

3.性犯罪 Sexual Crime 700

(四)生殖与繁衍 Procreation and Generation(Breeding) 701

1.生命孕育过程 Breeding Process of Life 701

2.胚胎 Embryo 702

3.胎儿发育期 Growth Period of Fetus 702

4.胎儿及婴儿 Fetus and Baby 703

5.生产 Procreation 703

6.计划生育 Family Planning 704

九、婚姻与家庭 Marriage and Family 705

(一)婚姻与家庭的一般词语 General Words About Marriage and Family 705

1.婚姻 Marriage 705

2.家庭 Family 705

(二)性别与两性 Gender and Amphiprotic 708

(三)爱与恋 Love and Affection(Love Affair) 710

1.爱 Love 710

2.恋爱 Love Affair 710

(四)婚庆大事 Wedding Affairs 712

(五)家庭的组合 Formation of a Family 714

1.代与族 Generation and Breed 714

2.家庭与家庭成员 Family and Family Members 715

3.家庭生活 Family Life,Domesticity 718

(六)养儿育女 Child Rearing 718

(七)生老病死 Birth,Senility,Illness and Death 721

1.生命与进化 Life and Evolution 721

2.生活 Life 722

3.衰老 Senility 726

4.死亡 Death 727

十、儿童与心理 Children and Mind 729

(一)有关儿童的一般词语 General Words About the Children 729

(二)儿童年龄分期 Divisions of Child Development 736

1.婴幼儿期 Infancy and Babyhood 736

2.学前期 Preschool Period 738

3.学龄期 School Age 739

4.青少年期 Adolescence and Juvenescence 739

(三)儿童活动与教育 Children's Activities and Education 743

1.儿童活动的场所与设施 Places and Equipments of Children's Activities 743

2.儿童活动的玩具 Toys of Children's Activities 744

3.儿童活动的项目与内容 Items and Contents of Children's Activities 745

(四)有关年龄的一般词语 General Words About Age 747

参考文献 749

后记 751