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Wisdom and Beliefs 3

1．Confucian Thought on Heaven and Humanity 3

Confucius on Heaven:the Source of Everything 11

Confucius on People:ren（仁）and Ii（礼） 11

Confucius on the State of Life 11

2．Laozi's Philosophy of Non-action 11

Naturalness and Non-action 19

The Philosophy of Non-contention 19

Returning to a Newborn State 19

3．Sunzi's Art of War:Source for All Books on War 19

The Strategic Thoughts of Sunzi 27

The Dialectical Thinking of Sunzi 27

Sunzi's Cautions Against War 27

Sunzi's Wisdom Beyond the Military 27

4．The Temple of Heaven:Reverence with Awe and Gratitude 27

Ceremonial Offerings of the Emperor 33

Holding Nature in Awe 33

Humanity and Heaven in Communion 33

5．Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture 33

The Philosophy of"Life" 43

Ecological Aesthetics 43

Humans at One with Other Living Things 43

Creativity and Exchange 43

6．Chinese Characters:Poetic Symbols 43

Symbols of Sentiment 49

Graceful Olympic Symbols 49

7．The Silk Road 49

Zhang Qian,Trail Blazer 57

Opening to the"West” 57

Murals in the Kuche Grottoes 57

8．Openness of the Great Tang 57

Arts from All Corners of the World 65

Religious Diversity 65

Seeking Buddhist Truths 65

Chang'an as an International Metropolis 65

9．Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Seas 65

Advanced Navigation Civilization 71

Spreading Peace 71

10．The Great Wall 71

Aspiration for Peace 79

Separation and Integration 79

Spirit of the Great Wall 79

Wonder of the Great Wall 79

11．The Forbidden City:Glorious and Awe-inspiring 79

Concealed Contours of a Dragon 87

The Colors of the Forbidden City 87

Art and Aesthetics 87

12．Music:Govern the Country,Nourish the Mind 87

Governance Through Music 93

Consoling the Mind with Music 93

13．Spiritual Essence in Bronzeware 93

Great Ding for Yu 99

Lotus and Crane Kettles 99

Galloping Horse Overtaking a Flying Swallow 99

14．A Silent Army 99

Discovery of the Terracotta Army 105

Vivid Sculpture 105

15．The Eternal Smile of the Buddha 105

Beautiful Guanyin in the Mogao Grottoes 113

Smiling Buddha in the Maijishan Grottoes 113

Buddha of Brightness in the Longmen Grottoes 113

Compassionate Buddha of Qingzhou 113

16．Flying Strokes of Calligraphy 113

Rhythm of Calligraphy 119

Wang Xizhi and Preface to the Lanting Pavilion Collection"Hidden Style"of the Yan Script17．The Charm of Ink and Wash 119

Black-and-White World 131

Shaping Beyond Likeness 131

Landscape Painting of the Song and Yuan Dynasties 131

Innovation after the Ming and Qing Dynasties 131

18．Porcelain-Calling Card of Chinese Culture 131

Nature's Craft 139

Pure Blue-and-White Porcelain 139

A Subtle and Reserved World 139

Shape and Imagery 139

19．Gardens South of the Yangtze River 139

A Winding Path to Places of Interest 149

Fascinating Stones 149

A Sense of Space 149

20．Peking Opera:Artistry of Performers 149

The Delights of Peking Opera Masks 159

Peking Opera Performance:Sing,Speak,Act,and Fight 159

The Beauty of a"Virtual World" 159

"Watching a Play Is Watching Famous Actors" 159

Mei Lanfang,Great Peking Opera Artist 159

21．A Variety of Splendid Folk Arts 159

Cloisonné:Artifacts with the Gleam of Precious GemsNew Year Pictures:Enhancing the Festive AtmospherePapercuts:a World Created with ScissorsEmbroidery:Ten Fingers Like a Spring BreezeShadow Play:the Art of Light and ShadowFolr Customs 159

22．Urban Customs in A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival 171

A Horizontal Scroll of the Scenery along the Bianhe RiverUrban Civilization of the Northern Song Dynasty 171

23．Customs and Charms of Old Beijing 179

Food in Old Beijing 191

Alleys and Hawkers'Cries 191

Bustling Tianqiao 191

Temple Fairs in Old Beijing 191

Leisure Life in Old Beijing 191

24．Modern Glamour of Old Shanghai 191

The Most Open City 201

Fashion Seekers 201

Shikumen and the Customs of the Alleys 201

25．Traditional Costumes 201

Graceful Tang-style Fashion 209

Beautiful Cheongsam 209

Natural Wax Printing 209

Splendid Stage Costumes 209

26．Culinary Delights in China 209

Local Chinese Cuisines 217

Every Dish Has a Story 217

Warmth and Hospitality Expressed by Food 217

Superb Skills of Chinese Chefs 217

27．Life with Fragrant Tea 217

Magical Functions of Tea 227

Ways of Savoring Tea 227

Tea Drinking and Folk Customs 227

28．Civil Residences in Deep Alleys 227

Siheyuan in Beijing 241

Ancient Town of Lijiang 241

White Walls and Black Tiles,Anhui 241

Xitang,a Serene Water World 241

29．Martial Arts and Cuju 241

Martial Arts of the Shaolin Temple 251

Flowing Shadow Boxing 251

Martial Arts from the Heart 251

Cuju Flew Higher than Birds 251

30．Go:a Game of Wits 251

A Game on Rotted Ax-handle Mountain 258

Wisdom at Play 258

A Game of Peace 258

Hand Conversations 258

A Brief Chronology of Chinese History 258

Index of Persons 260

Index of Major Sights 263