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Section A-Molecular genetics 1

A1　DNA structure 1

A2 Genes 6

Preface 8

A3　The genetic code 10

A4 Gene transcription 13

A5　Transfer RNA 21

A6 Ribosomal RNA 25

A7 Messenger RNA 29

A8 Translation 35

A9　DNA replication 43

A10　Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes 49

A11　Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes 56

B1 Chromosomes 63

Section B-Genomes 63

B2 Cell division 72

B3　Prokaryotic genomes 75

B4　The human genome　 80

B5　DNA mutation 86

B6 Mutagens and DNA repair 92

B7 Recombination 99

B8 Bacteriophages 106

B9 Eukaryotic viruses 112

Section C-Mechanisms of inheritance 119

C1 Basic Mendelian genetics 119

C2 More Mendelian genetics 126

C3 Meiosis and gametogenesis 134

C4　Linkage 141

C5　Transfer of genes between bacteria 148

C6 Genes in eukaryotic organelles 155

C7 Quantitative inheritance 159

C8 Sex determination 169

C9 Sex and inheritance 174

C10 Somatic cell fusion 177

C11 Inbreeding 183

C12　Probabilities 188

C13　Tests for goodness of fit: chi-square and exact tests 193

Section D-Population genetics and evolution 199

D1 Introduction 199

D2 Evolution by natural selection 203

D3 Genes in populations: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 210

D4 Genetic diversity 218

D5 Neo-Darwinian evolution selection acting on alleles 223

D6 Chromosome changes in evolution 228

D7 Species and speciation 239

D8 Polyploidy 246

D9 Evolution 251

Section E-Recombinant DNA technology 259

E1 Nucleic acid hybridization 259

E2 DNA cloning 264

E3 Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) 274

E4 DNA sequencing 278

Section F-Applications of genetics 283

F1 Genetic diseases 283

F2 Genes and cancer 293

F3 Genotoxicity testing 298

F4 Gene therapy 302

F5 The human genome project 306

F6 Genetics in forensic science 313

F7 Genetic engineering and blotechnology 321

Further reading 331

Index 335