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Fiction 1

Chapter 1 Plot 1

Jakob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm,Godfather Death 5

John Updike,A P 9

Anton Chekhov,Misery 19

Chapter 2 Point of View 27

Ernest Hemingway,Cat in the Rain 33

Edgar Allan Poe,The Tell-Tale Heart 38

Chapter 3 Character and Characterization 46

Katherine Anne Porter,The Jilting of Granny Weatherall 51

Edith Wharton,Roman Fever 64

Chapter 4 Setting 84

Kate Chopin,The Storm 88

John Steinbeck,Chrysanthemums 96

Chapter 5 Tone and Style 112

Kate Chopin,The Story of an Hour 117

Ernest Hemingway,A Clean,Well-Lighted Place 121

John Collier,The Chaser 128

Chapter 6 Theme 133

William Carlos Williams,The Use of Force 137

Alice Walker,Everyday Use 142

Chapter 7 Symbol 155

Langston Hughes,On the Road 158

William Faulkner,A Rose for Emily 165

Eudora Welty,A Worn Path 178

Poctry 191

Chapter 8 Reading a Poem 191

Langston Hughes,Harlem 196

Robert Frost, Out,Out— 197

Robert Browning,My Last Duchess 200

Li-young Lee,I Ask My Mother to Sing 203

Chapter 9 The Speaking Tone of Voice 204

Countee Cullen,For a Lady I Know 210

Mitsuye Yamada,To the Lady 211

Lyn Lifshin,My Mother and the Bed 213

Walter De La Mare,An Epitaph 215

Chapter 10 Figures of Speech 216

Sylvia Plath,Metaphors 225

Alfred,Lord Tennyson,The Eagle 226

William Wordsworth,London,1802 227

James Stephens,The Wind 228

N．Scott Momaday,Simile 228

Margaret Atwood,You Fit Into Me 229

William Shakespeare,Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer s Day? 229

Howard Moss,Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer s Day? 230

Chapter 11 Imagery and Symbolism 232

Ezra Pound,In a Station of the Metro 235

T．S．Eliot,The Winter Evening Settles Down 236

Wallace Stevens,The Emperor of Ice-Cream 237

Robert Frost,The Road Not Taken 238

T．S．Eliot,The Boston Evening Transcript 239

Sharon Olds,Rites of Passage 240

William Blake,The Tyger 241

Chapter 12 Irony 244

Daniel Halpern,How to Eat Alone 247

Edna St.Vincent Millay,Love Is Not All:It Is Not Meat nor Drink 249

W．H．Auden,The Unknown Citizen 250

Chapter 13 Sound 253

Galway Kinnell,Blackberry Eating 260

T．S．Eliot,Virginia 261

A．E．Housman,Eight O Clock 262

Robert Frost,Desert Places 262

Chapter 14 Rhythm 264

Thomas Hardy,The Man He Killed 269

Robert Frost,Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening 270

Chapter 15 Stanzaic Forms 272

Dylan Thomas,Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night 275

Michael Drayton,Since There Is No Help,Come Let Us Kiss and Part 277

Elizabeth Barrett Browning,Grief 277

Edward Arlington Robinson,Richard Cory 278

Chapter 16 Open Form 280

Wallace Stevens,Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird 284

Stephen Crane,The Heart 284

Drama 289

Chapter 17 The Elements of Drama 289

Susan Glaspell,Trifles 297

Chapter 18 Tragedy 332

John Millington Synge,Riders to the Sea 334

Chapter 19 Comedy 354

Wendy Wasserstein,The Man in a Case 357

Critical Approaches to Literature 369

Formalist(or New)Criticism 369

Marxist(or Sociological)Criticism 372

Structuralism 375

Post-structuralism 379

Deconstructionist Criticism 382

Psychoanalytical Criticism 384

Reader-Response Criticism 388

Feminist(Gender)Criticism 392

Mythic and Archetypal Criticism 395

Glossary of Literary Terms 399

Fictional Terms 399

Poetic Terms 406

Dramatic Terms 419

Bibliography 422