通俗科学 下 听读练习PDF电子书下载

目录Introduction 1

Unit 1 PROPERTIES AND SHAPES 5

After section 1 1．has＋（diagonai） line 5

2．circular erc． 5

3．are both （circular） 5

After section 2 4．（spherical）in shape 6

5．（egg）shaped 6

After section 3 6．opposites；brittle/tough etc． 7

Listening prac rice LP1．relating properties and shapes 8

7．it is they ure＋adjective 8

LP2．general/particular，explanations 9

Unit 2 LOCATION 10

After sectionn 1 1．prepositions of 2-D position 10

2．as preceding drill 10

After section 2 3．prepositions of 3-D position 11

After section 3 4．located/situated to the （north）of 11

After section 4 6．parts and properties 12

5．are also found 12

7．as preceding drill 13

Listening practice LP1．following instructions 13

LP2．desc ription of relative positions 14

LP3．relating adverbal phrases 14

Unit 3 STRUCTURE 15

After section 1 1．consists of 15

2．contuins 15

3．include 16

After section 2 4．expressions of situation，connec-tion 16

After section 3 5．are often made of （wood）or（metal） 17

6．divided/surrounded by/covered/filed with 17

Listening practice IP1．general/particular terms 18

IP2．understanding coisist of and mclude 18

IP3．lollowing a ？ption 19

2 has a （length？ 20

Unit 4 MEASUREMENT I 20

After section 1 1 is measured in metresl 20

3 exaeth and approximateiy 21

After section 2 4 sneasured in gramsl 21

After section 3 5 ？um，？from to 22

6．wld range vi？s narrow range-con？ 22

Listening pracnce LP1．revogmsing m？ lals，slizes etc 23

Lp2 ．foll wing his？ mstructions 24

LP3．writing down dietated words and figures 26

Unit 5 PROCESS 1 FUNCTION AND ABILITY 26

After section 1 1．What is a （knife） used for？ 26

2．The function of…is 27

After section 2 3．an （instrument）for＋ing 27

4．enable someone to do something 28

After section 3 5．can，able capable 28

Listening practice LP1．instruments and functions 29

After section 4 6． various ways of describing func-tions 29

LP2．listening and orgamsing 30

Unit 6 PROCESS 2 ACTIONS IN SEQUENCE 32

After section 1 1．precede，follow，immediately 32

After section 2 2．before/after＋-ing 32

3．prepositions showing direction 33

4．when/as＋clause 33

After section 3 5．before/after＋clause or noun 34

After section 4 6．adverbs showing time sequence 34

Listening practice LP1．recognising pronoun reference 35

LP2．identifying stage-markers 36

After Revision B LP3．following and understanding 37

Unit 7 MEASUREMENT 2 QUANTITY 37

After section 1 1．how much，how many 37

2．a small/large number/amount of 38

After section 2 4．too little/few 39

3．much/slightly more/less 39

6．（sharp）enough to do something 40

After section 3 5．too/heavy/to do something 40

Listening practice LP1．listening and organising 41

LP2．general/partieular statements，explanations 42

Unit 8 PROCESS 3 CAUSE AND EFFECT 43

After sectior 1 1．if＋present，…will 43

After section 2 2．infinitive to show result 43

3． result in and result from 44

After section 3 4．cause something to do something 44

5． allow prevent and make 45

After section 4 6．because，beeause of， owing to 45

Listening practice LP1．identifying cause and effect etc． 46

LP2．identifying results 47

After section 1 1．compared with and relatively 48

2．approximately X times as high as 48

Unit 9 MEASUREMENT 3 PROPORTION 48

3．much/slightly lower/higher than 49

After section 2 4．majority and minority 49

5．the ratio of A to B is X 50

After section 3 6．direetly/inversely proportional to 50

Listening practice LP1．writing down dictated words and figures 51

LP2．listening and organising 51

After Revision C LP3．following and understanding 52

After section 2 2．tend to do something 53

Unit 10 MEASUREMENT 4 FREQUENCY TENDENCY，PROBABILITY 53

After section 1 1．all，no，some 53

After section 3 3．will certainly/probably 54

4．it is （certain）that＋clause 54

After section 4 5．the chances of＋-ing 55

6．the（probability）is＋clause 55

7．（more）likely to 56

LP2．relating visual and spoken infor-mation 57

Listening practice LP1．inferring consistency of meaning 57

LP3．identifying probabilityetc． 58

Unit 11 PROCESS 4 METHOD 59

After section 1 1．infinitive to show purpose 59

2．should＋passive 60

After section 2 3．how can＋passive 60

4．by＋-ing 61

5．one method is by ＋ing/noun 61

6．alterntively 62

Listening practice LP1．identifying actions and purposes 62

LP2．listening for particular points 63

Unit 12 CONSOLIDATION 64

After section 2 1．appear to/in fact 64

2．appear＋various opposites 65

3．prove/show that 65

After section 3 4．purpose，conelusion ete． 66

Listeningpractice LP1．following and understanding 67

LP2．noting main points in descnptions 68

LP3．making notes from a description 69

第一单元 特性和形状 71

第二单元 位置 78

第三单元 结构 85

第四单元 计量（1） 91

第五单元 过程（1）功能和能力 98

第六单元 过程（2）一序列的动作 105

第七单元 计量（2）数量 113

第八单元 过程（3）因果 120

第九单元 计量（3）比例 127

第十单元 计量（4）频率、倾向、可能性 133

第十一单元 过程（4）方法 142

第十二单元 巩固 148