OPTICS FOURTH EDITIONPDF电子书下载

1 A Brief History 1

1.1 Prolegomenon 1

1.2 In the Beginning 1

1.3 From the Seventeenth Century 2

1.4 The Nineteenth Century 4

1.5 Twentieth-Century Optics 7

2 Wave Motion 10

2.1 One-Dimensional Waves 10

2.2 Harmonic Waves 14

2.3 Phase and Phase Velocity 17

2.4 The Superposition Principle 20

2.5 The Complex Representation 21

2.6 Phasors and the Addition of Waves 23

2.7 Plane Waves 24

2.8 The Three-Dimensional Differential Wave Equation 27

2.9 Spherical Waves 28

2.10 Cylindrical Waves 31

Problems 32

3 Electromagnetic Theory， Photons，and Light 36

3.1 Basic Laws of Electromagnetic Theory 37

3.2 Electromagnetic Waves 44

3.3 Energy and Momentum 47

3.4 Radiation 58

3.5 Light in Bulk Matter 66

3.6 The Electromagnetic-Photon Spectrum 73

3.7 Quantum Field Theory 80

Problems 82

4 The Propagation of Light 86

4.1 Introduction 86

4.2 Rayleigh Scattering 86

4.3 Reflection 95

4.4 Refraction 100

4.5 Fermat’s Principle 106

4.6 The Electromagnetic Approach 111

4.7 Total Internal Reflection 122

4.8 Optical Properties of Metals 127

4.9 Familiar Aspects of the Interaction of Light and Matter 131

4.10 The Stokes Treatment of Reflection and Refraction 136

4.11 Photons， Waves， and Probability 137

Problems 141

5 Geometrical Optics 149

5.1 Introductory Remarks 149

5.2 Lenses 150

5.3 Stops 171

5.4 Mirrors 175

5.5 Prisms 186

5.6 Fiberoptics 193

5.7 Optical Systems 201

5.8 Wavefront Shaping 226

5.9 Gravitational Lensing 231

Problems 234

6 More on Geometrical Optics 243

6.1 Thick Lenses and Lens Systems 243

6.2 Analytical Ray Tracing 246

6.3 Aberrations 253

6.4 GRIN Systems 273

6.5 Concluding Remarks 276

Problems 277

7 The Superposition of Waves 281

7.1 The Addition of Waves of the Same Frequency 282

7.2 The Addition of Waves of Different Frequency 294

7.3 Anharmonic Periodic Waves 302

7.4 Nonperiodic Waves 308

Problems 320

8 Polarization 325

8.1 The Nature of Polarized Light 325

8.2 Polarizers 331

8.3 Dichroism 333

8.4 Birefringence 336

8.5 Scattering and Polarization 344

8.6 Polarization by Reflection 348

8.7 Retarders 352

8.8 Circular Polarizers 357

8.9 Polarization of Polychromatic Light 358

8.10 Optical Activity 360

8.11 Induced Optical Effects——Optical Modulators 365

8.12 Liquid Crystals 370

8.13 A Mathematical Description of Polarization 372

Problems 379

9 Interference 385

9.1 General Considerations 386

9.2 Conditions for Interference 390

9.3 Wavefront-splitting Interferometers 393

9.4 Amplitude-splitting Interferometers 400

9.5 Types and Localization of Interference Fringes 414

9.6 Multiple-Beam Interference 416

9.7 Applications of Single and Multilayer Films 425

9.8 Applications of Interferometry 431

Problems 438

10 Diffraction 443

10.1 Preliminary Considerations 443

10.2 Fraunhofer Diffraction 452

10.3 Fresnel Diffraction 485

10.4 Kirchhoff’s Scalar Diffraction Theory 510

10.5 Boundary Diffraction Waves 512

Problems 514

11 Fourier Optics 519

11.1 Introduction 519

11.2 Fourier Transforms 519

11.3 Optical Applications 529

Problems 556

12 Basics of Coherence Theory 560

12.1 Introduction 560

12.2 Visibility 562

12.3 The Mutual Coherence Function and the Degree of Coherence 566

12.4 Coherence and Stellar Interferometry 573

Problems 578

13 Modern Optics： Lasers and Other Topics 581

13.1 Lasers and Laserlight 581

13.2 Imagery —— The Spatial Distribution of Optical Information 606

13.3 Holography 623

13.4 Nonlinear Optics 639

Problems 644

Appendix1 649

Appendix2 652

Table1 653

Solutions to Selected Problems 658

Bibliography 685

Index 689