A Study of Writing Revised EditionPDF电子书下载

CHAPTER Ⅰ．WRITING AS A SYSTEM OF SIGNS 1

Ways of Communicating Ideas 1

Definition of Writing 11

Sources of Information 20

Study of Writing 22

CHAPTER Ⅱ．FORERUNNERS OF WRITING 24

Primitive Drawings 24

Descriptive-Representational Device 29

Identifying-Mnemonic Device 36

Limited Systems 51

CHAPTER Ⅲ．WORD-SYLLABIC SYSTEMS 60

Sumerian System 61

Egyptian System 72

Hittite System 81

Chinese System 85

Proto-Elamite，Proto-Indic，and Cretan Systems 89

Signs in General 97

Word Signs 99

Svllabic Signs 107

Auxiliary Marks 113

Word-Svllabic Writing 113

CHAPTER Ⅳ．SYLLABIC WRITINGS 120

Cuneiform Syllabaries 120

West Semitic Syllabaries 122

Aegean Syllabaries 153

Japanese Syllabary 159

Observations 162

CHAPTER Ⅴ．THE ALPHABET 166

Oriental Forerunners 166

Greek Alphabet 176

Alphabet＇s Conquest of the World 183

CHAPTER Ⅵ．EVOLUTION OF WRITING 190

Stages of Development 190

Pictures 190

Forerunners of Writing 190

Word-Svllabic Systems 194

Svllabic Systems 196

Alphabetic Systems 197

Observations 198

CHAPTER Ⅶ．MODERN WRITINGS AMONG PRIMITIVES 206

Descriptive Presentation 206

Observations 210

CHAPTER Ⅷ．MONOGENESIS OR POLYGENESIS OF WRITING 212

Cultural Background of the Seven Oriental Systems 213

Possible Arguments in Favour of Monogenesis 217

CHAPTER Ⅸ．WRITING AND CIVILIZATION 221

Importance of Writing 221

Writing and Speech 223

Writing and Art 229

Writing and Religion 230

CHAPTER Ⅹ．FUTURE OF WRITING 236

CHAPTER Ⅺ．TERMINOLOGY OF WRITING 248

CHAPTER Ⅻ．BIBLIOGRAPHY 254

NOTES 269

INDEX 309