Biochemistry of Plants and Animals An IntroductionPDF电子书下载

part 1 GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY 1

1 The development of agricultural chemistry 3

Beginnings of agricultural science 3

Beginnings of physiological chemistry 10

Nature of biochemistry 12

2 Properties of matter 17

Gases 17

Liquids 21

Solids 31

Solutions 33

Colloidal systems 43

Coarse dispersions 46

3 Carbohydrates 49

Optical isomerism 49

General properties of carbohydrates 55

Classification of carbohydrates 58

Important carbohydrates 61

Related substances 70

4 Lipides 74

Fatty acids 74

Fats 81

Phospholipides 87

Glycolipides(cerebrosides) 91

Waxes 92

Sterols 92

5 Proteins 96

Amino acids 96

Peptides 104

Proteins 111

Nucleic acids and nucleoproteins 120

6 Enzymes 126

Nature and function 126

Factors affecting enzyme activity 137

Typical enzymes 147

7 Energy transfers and biological oxidations 158

Energy transfers 159

Metabolic oxidations 166

part 2 PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY 175

8 Plant structure and composition 177

The cell 177

Structural materials 181

Reserve materials 188

Metabolic machinery 193

Incidental and special substances 195

9 Plant metabolism 205

Photosynthesis 206

Carbohydrate metabolism 214

Metabolism of nitrogen compounds 223

Metabolism of lipides 229

10 Seed germination 233

Chemical composition of seeds 233

Effect of environment on seed germination 234

Physiological factors in seed germination 236

Metabolism of germinating seeds 238

11 Plant nutrition 242

Essential nutrients 242

Mineral elements 243

Role of the soil 249

Fertilizers 263

12 Growth regulation 276

Environmental factors influencing growth 276

Plant hormones and regulators 280

part 3 ANIMAL BIOCHEMISTRY 289

13 Body tissues 291

Blood and lymph 291

Supporting tissues 299

Muscle tissue 301

Nervous tissue 305

Reserve tissues 310

Glandular tissues 311

Milk 324

14 Vitamins 326

Thiamine 329

Riboflavin 333

Nicotinamide 337

Vitamin B6 340

Pantothenic acid 342

Biotin 343

Folic acid 344

Vitamin B12 345

Ascorbic acid 347

Other water-soluble factors 349

Vitamin A 351

Vitamin D 355

Vitamin E 358

Vitamin K 359

Vitamin assays 361

Vitamins and nutrition 365

15 Mineral metabolism 368

Nutrition 368

Other essential inorganic materials 399

Roles of essential elements 401

16 Feeds 406

General composition 407

Feeds of plant origin 409

Feeds of animal origin 415

Antibiotics and vitamins 420

Hormones 421

Elements 422

17 Digestion 423

Salivary digestion 424

Gastric digestion 425

Intestinal digestion 432

Detoxication 440

18 Carbohydrate metabolism 442

Glycolysis and glycogenesis 443

Metabolism of other carbohydrates 447

Metabolic interrelationships between carbohydrate，fat，and protein 451

19 Lipide metabolism 453

Fat catabolism 453

Biosynthesis of fatty acids 457

Cholesterol metabolism 460

20 Protein metabolism 463

Utilization of proteins 463

Excretion of nitrogen 481

Protein synthesis 485

21 Energy 495

Energy contents of foods 496

Energy from foods 501

Appendix 515

Index 533