Empire for Liberty The Genesis and Growth of the United States of America Volume Two Since 1865PDF电子书下载

Part Ⅰ：The Era of Reconstruction，1865-1877 1

1．RECONSTRUCTION OF THE UNION 3

North and South after Appomattox 3

Presidential Restoration，1863-1865 6

Congress and President，1865-1866 8

Congressional Reconstruction，1867-1868 14

The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson 17

The Election of 1868 and the Fifteenth Amendment 19

The South under Carpetbag Government 22

2．POSTWAR ECONOMIC EXPANSION 29

Completing the Railroad Network 29

Industrial Developments 35

Panic Follows Boom 38

The Westward Movement 41

3．FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL POLITICS 49

The Expansionism of William H．Seward，1865-1869 50

Hamilton Fish and the Reconstruction of Foreign Relations 53

President Grant Proves Disappointing 57

The Failure of the Liberal Republicans 62

Public Morals at the Worst 64

4．THE END OF AN ERA 69

The Disputed Election of 1876 70

The Settlement of 1877：The Redeemers and Southern Home Rule 74

Culture in the Gilded Age 78

Part Ⅱ：The Triumph of Business，1877-1900 87

5．THE LEADERSHIP OF INDUSTRY 89

Trusts：Oil and Steel 90

The Railroads and their Masters 98

The Uses of Electricity 102

The Freedom of Enterprise 106

6．LABOR AND IMMIGRATION 112

Depression and Violence，1873-1877 112

Labor Begins to Organize，1878-1896 115

The Turmoil of the Nineties 118

The New Immigrants 125

7．THE POLITICS OF BUSINESS，1877-1890 129

The Hayes Admini@tration，1877-1881 130

Garfield and Arthur Admini@trations，1881-1885 133

Democratic Interlude：Grover Cleveland，1885-1889 136

The Ascendancy of Regular Republicanism：Harrison and the Legislation of 1890 141

8．THE REBELLIOUS FARMERS，1873-1892 145

Grievances of the Farmers 146

The Farmers Organize：From the Grange to the Farmers＇Alliances 151

The Farmers in Politics：The Beginnings of Populism 154

9．FROM POPULISM TO HIGH REPUBLICANISM 159

The Election of 1892 and the Populists 160

The Silver Issue，1873-1892 162

Cleveland Bucks the Storm，1893-1896 164

Failure of a Crusade，1896 168

McKinley and the High Republicans，1897-1900 173

10．THE BEGINNINGS OF CRITICAL REALISM 177

Thought：From Social Darwinism to Pragmatism 177

A Quarter-Century of Literature 184

The Arts，to the Chicago Exposition 189

Part Ⅲ：Imperialism and Progressivism，1896-1917 193

11．THE EMERGENCE OF AN IMPERIAL POWER 195

The New Expansionism：Hawaii 196

Latin America and the Monroe Doctrine，1890-1897 198

The Cuban Crisis，1895-1898 200

The Spanish-American War，1898 203

The Triumph of Imperialism 206

The Colonial Experiment 209

China and the＂Open Door＂ 213

12．THEODORE ROOSEVELT＇S SQUARE DEAL，1901-1909 216

Roosevelt and the Presidency 217

Government and Business in Roosevelt＇s First Term 219

Conservation 220

The＂Muckrakers＂ 223

The Election of 1904 224

The Beginnings of Effective Regulation 225

13．IMPERIALISM AND DOLLAR DIPLOMACY，1901-1913 231

The Panama Canal 231

The Roosevelt Corollary of the Monroe Doctrine 234

Roosevelt and the Far East 236

The United States and the European Powers，1901-1909 239

＂Dollar Diplomacy，＂1909-1913 242

Canadian Reciprocity and International Arbitration 245

14．THE PROGRESSIVES AND PRESIDENT TAFT 248

The Progressive Movement 248

Election of 1908：Taft as President 255

Domestic Affairs under Taft 256

Election of 1912 261

15．ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LIFE IN THE NEW CENTURY 265

Mass Production for the Mass Market 265

The Climax of Labor Radicalism 272

The Failure of the Plutocracy 279

16．THE TRIUMPHS OF PRAGMATISM 284

Philosophy，Education，Economics，and Law 285

History，Anthropology，and Psychology 290

Ferment in Religion 296

17．THE BIRTH OF MODERNISM IN THE ARTS 301

The Novel of Naturalism 301

The Rebels-Chiefly Poets 304

An American Architecture 307

Revolution in Painting 309

The New Theater 311

The Mass Media 312

18．WOODROW WILSON AND THE NEW FREEDOM，1913-1917 318

Wilson the Leader 319

From Competition to Regulation 322

Towards Social Justice 330

The Limits of Wilsonian Reform 333

19．FIRST EXPERIMENTS IN FOREIGN POLICY 340

Groping for a Policy 340

The Mexican Test 344

The Punitive Expedition 347

First Efforts for World Peace 350

Part Ⅳ：The First World War and Its Aftermath 1917-1929 353

20．THE UNITED STATES ENTERS THE WAR 355

First Problems of Neutrality，1914-1915 356

The Lusitania Crisis 358

Preparedness 360

＂He Kept Us Out of War＂ 362

＂Peace without Victory＂ 367

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare 369

Wilson Decides，1917 371

21．A DEMOCRATIC NATION AT WAR，1917-1918 374

Mobilizing a Nation：The Sinews of War 375

Hazards in a War Economy 380

Creating a Mass Army 384

＂Over There：＂Naval and Military Operations，1917-1918 388

The Home Front：Mobilizing Public Opinion 393

22．WILSON＇S DEFEAT AS PEACEMAKER 398

Diplomacy during the War 399

Wilson at Paris 406

The Senate and the Treaty 413

23．THE VICTORY OF REACTION，1919-1923 417

Wilson＇s Last Years 418

The Election of 1920 424

＂Normalcy＂at Home 428

Harding＇s Death and the Scandals 431

24．THE RETURN TO WORLD AFFAIRS，1921-1929 436

The United States and the Far East 438

The United States and Europe 443

The United States and Latin America 448

25．THE RESTORATION OF HIGH REPUBLICANISM，1923-1929 452

The Emergence of Calvin Coolidge 453

Coolidge Rides the Tide 458

The Rise of Herbert Hoover 464

26．THE HOPE FOR A NEW ECONOMIC ERA 473

The Achievements of Industry 474

The Frustrations of the Farmer 483

Labor＇s Part in Prosperity 489

The Great Bull Market and Its Crash 496

27．THE PRODIGAL DECADE 499

Regulators and Criminals 500

The Decline of Private Morals 505

Voices of Dissent 507

28．THE GROWTH OF MODERNISM IN THE ARTS 512

The Literature of Rejection 513

The Literature of Satire 521

Naturalism in the Novel and the Drama 524

The Mass Media and the＂Middlebrows＂ 526

Painting and Architecture 529

Part Ⅴ：The Depression and the New Deal，1929-1939 533

29．THE END OF THE REPUBLICAN NEW ERA 535

Hoover and the Depression：First Stage 537

Hoover and the Depression：Second Stage 539

The Search for a New Path 543

The Election of 1932 546

30．THE NEW DEAL：EXPERIMENTS FOR RECOVERY 551

The Interregnum 552

The Hundred Days 556

The Struggle for Recovery 564

Failures of the First Experiments 566

31．THE NEW DEAL：THE TRIUMPH OF REFORM 571

The Reform Congress of 1935 572

The Works Progress Administration 574

The Supreme Court Objects 583

The Election of 1936 588

32．THE NEW DEAL：CHECKED 595

The＂Court-Packing＂Fight 596

Economic Recession 601

The Primaries＂Purge＂Campaign 608

33．SOCIAL CONFLICTS IN THOUGHT AND THE ARTS 612

The New Liberalism 612

The Rise of Pressure Organizations 619

Social Ferment in Literature and the Arts 626

34．THE SEARCH FOR A NEW FOREIGN POLICY 633

The Stimson Doctrine，1932-1933 634

The＂Good Neighbor＂Policy 635

The World Disarmament Conference，1933 639

The World Economic Conference，1933 640

The Neutrality Acts，1935-1939 642

Part Ⅵ：A Cycle of Wars，1940-1952 655

35．THE AXIS CHALLENGES，1940-1941 657

The Fall of France and Aid to Britain 658

The Third-Term Election 663

Lend-Lease and the Battle of the Atlantic 666

Japan Joins the Axis 671

American-Japanese Crisis：Pearl Harbor 674

36．THE SECOND WORLD WAR：AT HOME 681

Creating a War Economy 682

Fighting Inflation 687

The Miracle of Production 693

Mobilizing Armed Forces 695

Wartime Politics 698

37．GLOBAL WAR AND DIPLOMACY 706

Retreat and Defense in the Pacific 707

The North African Landing 711

The Grand Alliance 713

The Great Offensives 716

The Yalta Conference 725

Victory 731

38．TRUMAN AND THE COLD WAR 735

Domestic Problems of the Early Truman Years 736

Cold War 744

The 1948 Election Upset and the Fair Deal 755

Anticommunism at Home 761

The Fall of China 765

39．KOREAN WAR AND THE ELECTION OF 1952 767

American Anticolonialism 768

The Korean War 772

The Decline of the Truman Administration 782

The Election Campaign of 1952 786

Part Ⅶ：Precarious Peace，1953-1959 795

40．EISENHOWER AND RIGHT-WING REPUBLICANS 797

＂Almost a Revolution＂ 798

Armistices in the Far East 806

The＂New Look＂in Defense 810

The Defeat of McCarthy and Bricker 812

The National Leader 818

41．YEARS OF MODERN REPUBLICANISM 823

The＂Spirit of Geneva＂and Its Failure 823

Modern Republicanism at Home，1955-1956 829

Years of Peril，1957-1958 834

Domestic Discontent，1957-1958 839

The＂New Eisenhower＂ 847

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 855

APPENDICES 919

Declaration of Independence 921

The Constitution of the United States of America 925

Amendments 943

States of the Union，1787-1959 945

Major Executive Officers of the United States，1865-1959 947

Justices of the United States Supreme Court 960