The Story Behind Great Medical DiscoveriesPDF电子书下载

Preface 5

Introduction，by Dr．Hyman Miller，University of Southern California 13

PART ONE REVOLT(Internal Medicine) 15

1．Signposts to Truth．(Circulation of the Blood--1615) 19

2．Wine Casks Prove a Point．(Percussion--1761) 24

3．Extra Ears．(Stethoscope--1816) 29

4．The Stomach With a Window．(Process of Digestion--1833) 33

5．Seeing the Eye．(Ophthalmoscope--1851) 39

6．It＇s Done With Mirrors．(Laryngoscope--1854) 44

7．From Hat to Pocket．(Clinical Thermometer--1868) 48

8．When the Heart Writes．(Electrocardiograph--1903) 52

9．Unsafety Pins．(Bronchoscope--1905) 56

10．＂One Man＇s Food Is Another Man＇s Poison．＂(Doctrine of Allergy--1910) 61

11．When the Body Burns Food．(Metabolism Machine--1918) 65

12．When Sugar Is a Murderer．(Insulin--1921) 70

13．Lifesaving Liver．(Pernicious Anemia--1926) 78

14．Artificial Lung．(Iron Lung--1928) 83

PART TWO ENEMY INVASION(Germ Diseases) 87

15．In a Drop of Water．(Microscope--1683) 91

16．Something No Lady Would do．(Nursing--1856) 97

17．The Beet-juice Mystery．(Germ Theory--1864) 102

18．Transports of Death．(Spread of Disease by Insects--1878) 106

19．He Grew Germs Instead of Killing Them．(Solid Culture--1881) 112

20．Soldier Cells．(Phagocytes--1892) 118

21．What the Painless Bum Taught．(Radium--1898) 121

22．From Dye to Wonder Drug．(Sulfa Drugs--1936) 127

23．Magic Mold．(Penicillin--1940) 131

PART THREE UNDER MARTIAL LAW(Surgery) 137

24．For a Dependable Dose．(Opiates--1803) 141

25．Merciful Sleep．(Anesthesia--1846) 147

26．Weapon Against Pain．(Hypodermic Needle--1853) 153

27．The Puzzle of the Fractures．(Antisepsis--1865) 156

28．＂Boiled Hands．＂(Surgical Gloves--1890) 163

29．Threat to Modesty．(X-ray--1895) 168

30．Awake--Without Pain．(Block Anesthesia--1898) 175

31．Crusade for Health and Beauty．(Orthodontia--1900) 179

32．When Blood Is a Killer．(Blood Types--1901) 184

33．Saving Faces．(Plastic Surgery--1916) 188

34．Maps for the Wilderness．(Brain Surgery--1905-1939) 192

35．Cutting With Electricity．(Radio Knife--1923) 196

PART FOUR PREVENTING WAR(Preventive Medicine) 201

36．A Doctor Learns from Dairymaids．(Small-pox Vaccination--1796) 205

37．Health for the Nation．(Public Health Service--1848) 211

38．The Guinea Pig That Didn＇t Die．(Diphtheria Immunization--1894) 214

39．The Doctor，the Financier，and the Clergyman．(Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research--1901) 218

40．The Book That Changed a Life．(Side-chain Theory of Immunity--1904) 223

41．＂Dr．Wiley＇s Poison Squad．＂(Pure Food Law--1906) 227

42．When the Cheapest Food Was the Best．(Vitamins--1911) 232

43．Life in the Bank．(Blood Bank--1931) 239

Bibliography 245