Diseases of The Heart and Circulation SecondPDF电子书下载

CHAPTER Ⅰ．THE CHIEF SYMPTOMS OF HEART DISEASE 1

HISTORY-TAKING 1

SYMPTOMS 2

CHAPTER Ⅱ．PHYSICAL SIGNS 26

GENERAL INSPECTION 26

THE ARTERIAL PULSE 26

THE EXTREMITIES 32

THE BLOOD PRESSURE 38

THE OCULAR FUNDI 41

THE JUGULAR VENOUS PRESSURE 42

THE JUGULAR VENOUS PULSE 47

OTHER CLASSICAL SIGNS OF HEART FAILURE 57

EXAMINATION OF THE HEART 57

AUSCULTATION 60

EXAMINATION OF OTHER SYSTEMS 70

CHAPTER Ⅲ．ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY 73

BASIC PRINCIPLES 73

NORMAL APPEARANCES 86

THE CARDIAC VECTOR 89

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES 92

CHAPTER Ⅳ．RADIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS 117

TECHNIQUE 117

CARDIAC MEASUREMENTS 128

NORMAL VARIATIONS 129

RADIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES 133

CHAPTER Ⅴ．SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS 162

DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF THE VENOUS PRESSURE 163

THE JUGULAR PHLEBOGRAM 163

THE ARTERIOGRAM 165

THE CIRCULATION TIME 171

DYE DILUTION CURVES 172

CARDIAC CATHETERISATION 176

OXIMETRY 191

RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TESTS 192

RENAL FUNCTION TESTS 199

PHONOCARDIOGRAPHY 202

BALLISTOCARDIOGRAPHY 204

THE CONDUCTING SYSTEM 211

SINUS RHYTHMS 212

NODAL RHYTHM 219

HEART BLOCK 222

BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK 230

ECTOPIC HEATS 232

PAROXYSMAL TACHYCARDIA 236

AURICULAR FLUTTER 250

AURICULAR FIBRILLATION 253

VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION 259

CHAPTER Ⅶ．HEART FAILURE 264

MECHANISM 264

CARDIAC RESERVES 265

HEART FAILURE 269

CAUSES OF HEART FAILURE 271

LEFT VENTRICULAR FAILURE 271

GALLOP RHYTHM 279

PULSUS ALTERNANS 283

CHEYNE-STOKES BREATHING 284

RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE；CONGESTIVE HEART＇FAILURE 168

OTHER MANIFESTATIONS OF HEART FAILURE 288

PHYSIOLOGICAL TESTS FOR HEART FAILURE 292

PROGNOSIS OF HEART FAILURE 294

TREATMENT 294

CHAPTER Ⅷ．CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 318

ETIOLOGY 318

CLASSIFICATION 320

GENERAL ANOMALIES WITHOUT A SHUNT 321

COARCTATION OF THE AORTA 328

OTHER ANOMALIES OF THE AORTA 343

MITRAL STENOSIS 349

COR TRIATRIATUM 350

RIGHT-SIDED ANOMALIES WITHOUT A SHUNT 350

ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT 358

PARTIAL ANOMALOUS PULMONARY VENOUS DRAINAGE 369

VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT 371

PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS 380

EISENMENGER＇S SYNDROME 392

PULMONARY STENOSIS 407

PULMONARY STENOSIS WITH NORMAL AORTIC ROOT 408

PULMONARY STENOSIS WITH REVERSED INTERATRIAL OR INTERVENTRICULAR SHUNT 414

FALLOT＇S TETRALOGY 425

PULMONARY ATRESIA 440

TRICUSPID ATRESIA 443

TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT VESSELS 445

PERSISTENT TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS 451

TOTAL ANOMALOUS PULMONARY VENOUS DRAINAGE 454

ANOMALOUS DRAINAGE OF THE S．V．C．OR I．V．C．INTO THE LEFT ATRIUM 457

COR TRILOCULARE BIATRIATUM 458

COR BIVENTRICULARE TRILOCULARE 460

COR BILOCULARE 461

CHAPTER Ⅸ．RHEUMATIC FEVER AND ACTIVE RHEUMATIC CARDITIS 471

INCIDENCE 471

THE NATURE OF THE RHEUMATIC STATE 471

PATHOLOGY 473

CLINICAL FEATURES 475

TREATMENT 491

COURSE AND PROGNOSIS 495

CHAPTER Ⅹ．CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE 502

INCIDENCE 502

MITRAL INCOMPETENCE 503

MITRAL STENOSIS 515

AORTIC INCOMPETENCE 561

AORTIC STENOSIS 568

TRICUSPID INCOMPETENCE 583

TRICUSPID STENOSIS 590

CHAPTER Ⅺ．NON-RHEUMATIC MYOCARDITIS AND MISCELLANEOUS CARDIOPATHIES 605

CLASSIFICATION 605

THE HEART IN DIPHTHERIA 607

THE HEART IN ACUTE INFECTIONS 610

MYOCARDITIS DUE TO PARASITES 614

MYOCARDITIS DUE TO FUNGI AND YEASTS 616

ISOLATED MYOCARDITIS 616

ENDOMYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS 622

COLLAGEN DISEASES AND ALLERGIC STATES 623

METABOLIC AND NUTRITIONAL CARDIOPATHIES 627

ENDOCRINE CARDIOPATHIES 629

NEUROMUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES 630

TUMOURS OF THE HEART 630

ARGENTAFFINOMA 633

MYOCARDITIS DUE TO DRUGS 634

THE HEART IN ACUTE NEPHRITIS 638

CHAPTER Ⅻ．BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS 646

PATHOLOGY 646

CLINICAL FEATURES 647

DIAGNOSIS 651

COURSE 651

PROGNOSIS 652

TREATMENT 652

CHAPTER ⅩⅢ．PERICARDITIS 657

ETIOLOGY 657

DRY(FIBRINOUS)PERICARDITIS 657

PERICARDIAL EFFUSION 660

CHRONIC CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS 665

ADHERENT PERICARDIUM 673

TYPES OF PERICARDITIS BASED ON ETIOLOGY 673

CHAPTER ⅩⅣ．SYPHILITIC AORTITIS 683

PATHOLOGY 684

ANEURYSM 684

AORTIC INCOMPETENCE 692

ANGINA PECTORIS 697

HEART BLOCK 698

TREATMENT OF SYPHILITIC AORTITIS 698

CHAPTER ⅩⅤ．ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE 701

DEFINITION 701

INCIDENCE 701

PATHOGENESIS 703

ANGINA PECTORIS 374

ACUTE CORONARY INSUFFICIENCY 723

CARDIAC INFARCTION 726

CHAPTER ⅩⅥ．HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE 761

HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE 761

ETIOLOGY OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION 764

CLINICAL FEATURES 767

CLINICAL FEATURES OF PERSISTENT HYPERTENSION 770

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 783

COURSE AND PROGNOSIS 784

TREATMENT 786

CHAPTER ⅩⅦ．PULMONARY EMBOLISM 806

THROMBO-EMBOLISM 806

ETIOLOGY 806

HAEMODYNAMICS 808

CLINICAL FEATURES 810

PROGNOSIS 816

TREATMENT 816

OTHER TYPES OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM 822

CHAPTER ⅩⅧ．PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 828

DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION 828

PASSIVE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 829

HYPERKINETIC PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 830

OBSTRUCTIVE OR OBLITERATIVE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 832

VASOCONSTRICTIVE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 836

REACTIVE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 838

PRIMARY PULMONARY HYPERTENSION 839

CHAPTER ⅩⅨ．COR PULMONALE 849

INCIDENCE 849

PATHOGENESIS 840

CLINICAL FEATURES 851

SPECIAL FORMS OF COR PULMONALE 863

CHAPTER ⅩⅩ．THYROTOXICOSIS AND THE HEART IN MYXOEDEMA 871

THYROTOXIC HEART DISEASE 871

CLINICAL FEATURES OF THYROTOXICOSIS 873

SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS 881

TREATMENT OF THYROTOXICOSIS 885

OTHER CONSIDERATIONS 888

PROGNOSIS 890

THE HEART IN MYXOEDEMA 890

CHAPTER ⅩⅪ．HYPERKINETIC CIRCULATORY STATES 897

CLASSIFICATION 897

THE HEART IN ANAEMIA 897

THE HEART IN PREGNANCY 902

ARTERIO-VENOUS FISTULA 909

CONGENITAL CIRCOID ANEURYSM 910

ACQUIRED ARTERIO-VENOUS ANEURYSM 914

BERI-BERI 9155

PAGET＇S DISEASE OF BONE 917

HEPATIC FAILURE 918

CHAPTER ⅩⅫ．TRAUMATIC LESIONS OF THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS 922

DISSECTING ANEURYSM 922

PERFORATION OF AN AORTIC SINUS INTO THE PULMONARY ARTERY，RIGHT VENTRICLE OR RIGHT ATRIUM 925

EFFECTS OF DIRECT INJURY 927

EFFECTS OF INDIRECT INJURY 930

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅢ．CARDIOVASCULAR DISTURBANCES ASSOCIATED WITH PSYCHIATRIC STATES 937

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 937

CLINICAL FEATURES 938

PHYSICAL SIGNS 942

PSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS 943

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 944

TREATMENT 945