Macaulay's History of EnglandPDF电子书下载

CHAPTER ⅩⅣ 1

Disputes in the English Parliament 1

The Attainder of Russell revèrsed 2

Other Attainders reversed；Case of Samuel Johnson 3

Case of Devonshire；Case of Oates 5

Bill of Rights 12

Disputes about a Bill of Indemnity 14

Last Days of Jeffreys 16

The Whigs dissatisfied with the King 20

Intemperance of Howe 21

Attack on Caermarthen 21

Attack on Halifax 22

Preparations for a Campaign in Ireland 25

Schomberg 26

Recess of the Parliament 28

State of Ireland；Advice of Avaux 28

Dismission of Melfort 32

Schomberg lands in Ulster；Carrickfergus taken 33

Schomberg advances into Leinster；the English and Irish Armies encamp near each other 34

Schomberg declines a Battle 35

Frauds of the English Commissariat 35

Conspiracy among the French Troops in the English Service 37

Pestilence in the English Army 38

The English and Irish Armies go into Winter Quarters 40

Various Opinions about Schomberg＇s Conduct 41

Maritime Affairs 42

Maladminstration of Torrington 42

Continental Affairs 44

Skirmish at Walcourt 46

Imputations thrown on Marl-borough 46

Pope Innocent XI．succeeded by Alexander VIII 47

The High Church Clergy divided on the Subject of Oaths 48

Arguments for taking the Oaths 49

Arguments against taking the Oaths 51

A great Majority of the Clergy take the Oaths 56

The Nonjurors 57

Ken 58

Leslie 59

Sherlock 60

Hickes 61

Collier 62

Dodwell 63

Kettlewell；Fitzwilliam 65

General Character of the Nonjuring Clergy 66

The Plan of Comprehension；Tillotson 69

An Ecclesiastical Commission issued 70

Proceedings of the Commission 71

The Convocation of the Province of Canterbury summoned；Temper of the Clergy 75

The Clergy ill affected towards the King 76

The Clergy exasperated against the Dissenters by the Proceedings of the Scotch Presbyterians 79

Constitution of the Convocation 80

Election of Members of Convocation；Ecclesiastical Preferments bestowed 82

Compton discontented 83

The Convocation meets 84

The High Churchmen a Majority of the Lower House of Convocation 85

Difference between the two Houses of Convocation 87

The Lower House of Convocation proves unmanageable 87

The Convocation prorogued 88

CHAPTER ⅩⅤ 90

The Parliament meets；Retirement of Halifax 90

Supplies voted 91

The Bill of Rights passed 92

Inquiry into Naval Abuses 93

Inquiry into the Conduct of the Irish War 94

Reception of Walker in England 95

Edmund Ludlow 97

Violence of the Whigs 100

Impeachments 101

Committee of Murder 102

Malevolence of John Hampden 103

The Corporation Bill 105

Debates on the Indemnity Bill 110

Case of Sir Robert Sawyer 111

The King purposes to retire to Holland 114

He is induced to change his Intention 115

The Whigs oppose his going to Ireland 116

He prorogues the Parliament 117

Joy of the Tories 118

Dissolution and General Election 119

Changes in the Executive Departments 121

Caermarthen Chief Minister 122

Sir John Lowther 123

Rise and Progress of Parliamentary Corruption in England 124

Sir John Trevor 129

Godolphin retires；Changes at the Admiralty 130

Changes in the Commissions of Lieutenancy 131

Temper of the Whigs；Dealings of some Whigs with Saint Germains；Shrewsbury；Ferguson 133

Hopes of the Jacobites；Meeting of the new Parliament 135

Settlement of the Revenue 136

Provision for the Princess of Denmark 138

Bill declaring the Acts of the preceding Parliament valid 144

Debate on the Changes in the Lieutenancy 145

Abjuration Bill 147

Act of Grace 150

The Parliament prorogued；Preparations for the first War 153

Administration of James at Dublin 154

An auxiliary Force sent from France to Ireland 155

Plan of the English Jacobites；Clarendon，Aylesbury，Dartmouth 158

Penn 159

Preston 160

The Jacobites betrayed by Fuller 161

Crone arrested 162

Difficulties of William；Conduct of Shrewsbury 164

The Council of Nine 167

Conduct of Clarendon；Penn held to Bail 168

Interview between William and Burnet；William sets out for Ireland 169

Trial of Crone 170

Danger of Invasion and Insurrection；Tourville＇s Fleet in the Channel 171

Arrests of suspected Persons 172

Torrington ordered to give Battle to Tourville 173

Battle of Beachy Head 175

Alarm in London；Battle of Fleurus 176

Spirit of the Nation 177

Conduct of Shrewsbury 178

CHAPTER ⅩⅥ 180

William lands at Carrickfergus，and proceeds to Belfast 180

State of Dublin 181

William＇s military Arrangements 182

William marches southward 183

The Irish Army retreats 184

The Irish make a Stand at the Boyne 185

The Army of James 186

The Army of William 187

Walker，now Bishop of Derry，accompanies the Army 188

William reconnoitres the Irish Position；William is wounded 189

Battle of the Boyne 191

Flight of James 195

Loss of the two Armies 197

Fall of Drogheda；State of Dublin 198

James flies to France；Dublin evacuated by the French and Irish Troops 200

Entry of William into Dublin 201

Effect produced in France by the News from Ireland 201

Effect produced at Rome by the News from Ireland 202

Effect produced in London by the News from Ireland 203

James arrives in France；his Reception there 204

Tourville attempts a Descent on England 206

Teignmouth destroyed 208

Excitement of the English Nation against the French 209

The Jacobite Press 211

The Jacobite Form of Prayer and Humiliation 212

Clamour against the nonjuring Bishops 213

Military Operations in Ireland；Waterford taken 215

The Irish Army collected at Limerick；Lauzun pronounces that the Place cannot be defended 216

The Irish insist on defending Limerick 217

Tyrconnel is against defending Limerick 219

Limerick defended by the Irish alone 220

Sarsfield surprises the English Artillery 221

Arrival of Baldearg O＇Donnel at Limerick 222

The Besiegers suffer from the Rains 224

Unsuccessful Assault on Limerick；The Siege raised 225

Tyrconnel and Lauzun go to France；William returns to England 226

Reception of William in England 227

Expedition to the South of Ireland 227

Marlborough takes Cork 228

Marlborough takes Kinsale 229

Affairs of Scotland；Intrigues of Montgomery with the Jacobites 230

War in the Highlands 231

Fort William built；Meeting of the Scottish Parliament 233

Melville Lord High Commissioner；the Government obtains a Majority 234

Ecclesiastical Legislation 238

The Coalition between the Club and the Jacobites dissolved 240

The Chiefs of the Club betray each other 242

General Acquiescence in the new Ecclesiastical Polity 242

Complaints of the Episcopalians 245

The Presbyterian Nonjurors 246

William dissatisfied with the Ecclesiastical Arrangements in Scotland 250

Meeting of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland 250

State of Affairs on the Continent 251

The Duke of Savoy joins the Coalition 251

Supplies voted 253

Ways and Means 254

Proceedings against Torrington 255

Torrington＇s Trial and Acquittal 256

Animosity of the Whigs against Caermarthen 258

A Jacobite Plot 260

Meeting of the leading Conspirators 261

The Conspirators determine to send Preston to Saint Germains 262

Papers entrusted to Preston 262

Information of the Plot given to Caermarthen；Arrest of Preston and his Companions 264

CHAPTER ⅩⅦ 266

William＇s voyage to Holland 266

William＇s Entrance into the Hague 268

Congress at the Hague 270

William his own Minister for Foreign Affairs 272

William obtains a Toleration for the Waldenses 274

Vices inherent in the Nature of Coalitions 275

Siege and Fall of Mons 276

William returns to England；Trials of Preston and Ashton 277

Execution of Ashton 279

Preston＇s Irresolution and Confessions 279

Lenity shown to the Conspirators；Clarendon 281

Dartmouth；Turner 283

Penn；Death of George Fox；his Character 283

Interview between Penn and Sidney 288

Preston pardoned 289

Joy of the Jacobites at the Fall of Mons 290

The vacant Sees filled 291

Tillotson Archbishop of Canterbury 292

Conduct of Sancroft 294

Difference between Sancroft and Ken 295

Hatred of Sancroft to the Established Church；he provides for the episcopal Succession among the Nonjurors 296

The new Bishops 298

Sherlock，Dean of Saint Paul＇s 298

Treachery of some of William＇s Servants 305

Russell 306

Godolphin 308

Maryborough 309

William returns to the Continent 313

The Campaign of 1691 in Flanders 314

The War in Ireland；State of the English Part of Ireland 315

State of the Part of Ireland which was subject to James 319

Dissensions among the Irish at Limerick 321

Return of Tyrconnel to Ireland 323

Arrival of a French Fleet at Limerick；Saint Ruth 324

The English take the Field 325

Fall of Ballymore；Siege and Fall of Athlone 326

Return of the Irish Army 331

Saint Ruth determines to fight 332

Battle of Aghrim 334

Fall of Galway 337

Death of Tyrconnel 339

Second Siege of Limerick 339

The Irish desirous to capitulate 341

Negotiation between the Irish Chiefs and the Besiegers 342

The Capitulation of Limerick 344

The Irish Troops required to make their Election between their Country and France 346

Most of the Irish Troops volunteer for France 347

Many of the Irish who had volunteered for France desert 349

The last Division of the Irish Army sails from Cork for France 350

State of Ireland after the War 351

CHAPTER ⅩⅧ 356

Opening of the Parliament 356

Debates on the Salaries and Fees of Official Men 357

Act excluding Papists from Public Trust in Ireland 359

Debates on the East India Trade 362

Debates on the Bill for Regulating Trials in Cases of High Treason 378

Plot formed by Marlborough against the Government of William 385

Marlborough＇s Plot discovered by the Jacobites 390

Disgrace of Marlborough；Various Reports touching the Cause of Marlborough＇s Disgrace 391

Rupture between Mary and Anne 392

Fuller＇s Plot 395

Close of the Session；Bill for ascertaining the Salaries of the Judges rejected 402

Ministerial Changes in England 405

Ministerial Changes in Scotland 406

State of the Highlands 408

Breadalbane employed to negotiate with the Rebel Clans 409

Glencoe 410

William goes to the Continent；death of Louvois 430

The French Government determine to send an Expedition against England 432

James believes the English Fleet is Friendly to him 433

Conduct of Russell 434

A Daughter born to James 436

Preparations made in England to repel Invasion 436

James goes down to his Army at La Hogue 437

James＇s Declaration 438

Effect produced by James＇s Declaration 439

The English and Dutch Fleets join；Temper of the English Fleet 442

Battle of La Hogue 444

Rejoicings in England 448

Young＇s Plot 450

CHAPTER ⅩⅨ 459

Foreign Policy of William 459

The Northern Powers 460

The Pope 461

Conduct of the Allies 461

The Emperor 463

Spain 464

William succeeds in preventing the Dissolution of the Coalition 465

New Arrangements for the Government of the Spanish Netherlands 466

Lewis takes the Field 468

Siege of Namur 469

Lewis returns to Versailles 473

Luxemburg 473

Battle of Steinkirk 475

Conspiracy of Granval 481

Return of William to England 483

Naval Maladministration 484

Earthquake at Port Royal 487

Distress in England；Increase of Crime 487

Meeting of Parliament；State of Parties 491

The King＇s Speech；Question of Privilege raised by Lords 492

Debates on the State of the Nation 492

Bill for the Regulation of Trials in Cases of Treason 498

Case of Lord Mohun 499

Debates on the India Trade 502

Supply 502

Ways and Means；Land Tax 503

Origin of the National Debt 507

Parliamentary Reform 516

The Place Bill 521

The Triennial Bill 525

The first Parliamentary Discussion on the Liberty of the Press 528

State of Ireland 539

The King refuses to pass the Triennial Bill 544

Ministerial Arrangements 547

The King goes to Holland；a Session of Parliament in Scotland 549