连续与离散时间信号与系统 英文版PDF电子书下载

Part Ⅰ　Introduction to signals and systems 1

1　Introduction to signals 3

1.1　Classification of signals 5

1.2　Elementary signals 25

1.3　Signal operations 35

1.4　Signal implementation with MATLAB 47

1.5　Summary 51

Problems 53

2　Introduction to systems 62

2.1　Examples of systems 63

2.2　Classification of systems 72

2.3　Interconnection of systems 90

2.4　Summary 93

Problems 94

Part Ⅱ　Continuous-time signals and systems 101

3　Time-domain analysis of LTIC systems 103

3.1　Representation of LTIC systems 103

3.2　Representation of signals using Dirac delta functions 112

3.3　Impulse response of a system 113

3.4　Convolution integral 116

3.5　Graphical method for evaluating the convolution integral 118

3.6　Properties of the convolution integral 125

3.7　Impulse response of LTIC systems 127

3.8　Experiments with MATLAB 131

3.9　Summary 135

Problems 137

4　Signal representation using Fourier series 141

4.1　Orthogonal vector space 142

4.2　Orthogonal signal space 143

4.3　Fourier basis functions 149

4.4　Trigonometric CTFS 153

4.5　Exponential Fourier series 163

4.6　Properties of exponential CTFS 169

4.7　Existence of Fourier series 177

4.8　Application of Fourier series 179

4.9　Summary 182

Problems 184

5　Continuous-time Fourier transform 193

5.1　CTFT for aperiodic signals 193

5.2　Examples of CTFT 196

5.3　Inverse Fourier transform 209

5.4　Fourier transform of real,even,and odd functions 211

5.5　Properties of the CTFT 216

5.6　Existence of the CTFT 231

5.7　CTFT of periodic functions 233

5.8　CTFS coefficients as samples of CTFT 235

5.9　LTIC systems analysis using CTFT 237

5.10　MATLAB exercises 246

5.11　Summary 251

Problems 253

6　Laplace transform 261

6.1　Analytical development 262

6.2　Unilateral Laplace transform 266

6.3　Inverse Laplace transform 273

6.4　Properties of the Laplace transform 276

6.5　Solution of differential equations 288

6.6　Characteristic equation,zeros,and poles 293

6.7　Properties of the ROC 295

6.8　Stable and causal LTIC systems 298

6.9　LTIC systems analysis using Laplace transform 305

6.10　Block diagram representations 307

6.11　Summary 311

Problems 313

7　Continuous-time filters 320

7.1　Filter classification 321

7.2　Non-ideal filter characteristics 324

7.3　Design of CT lowpass filters 327

7.4　Frequency transformations 352

7.5　Summary 364

Problems 365

8　Case studies for CT systems 368

8.1　Amplitude modulation of baseband signals 369

8.2　Mechanical spring damper system 374

8.3　Armature-controlled dc motor 377

8.4　Immune system in humans 383

8.5　Summary 388

Problems 388

Part Ⅲ　Discrete-time signals and systems 391

9　Sampling and quantization 393

9.1　Ideal impulse-train sampling 395

9.2　Practical approaches to sampling 405

9.3　Quantization 410

9.4　Compact disks 413

9.5　Summary 415

Problems 416

10　Time-domain analysis of discrete-time systems systems 422

10.1　Finite-difference equation representation of LTID systems 423

10.2　Representation of sequences using Dirac delta functions 426

10.3　Impulse response of a system 427

10.4　Convolution sum 430

10.5　Graphical method for evaluating the convolution sum 432

10.6　Periodic convolution 439

10.7　Properties of the convolution sum 448

10.8　Impulse response of LTID systems 451

10.9　Experiments with MATLAB 455

10.10　Summary 459

Problems 460

11　Discrete-time Fourier series and transform 464

11.1　Discrete-time Fourier series 465

11.2　Fourier transform for aperiodic functions 475

11.3　Existence of the DTFT 482

11.4　DTFT of periodic functions 485

11.5　Properties of the DTFT and the DTFS 491

11.6　Frequency response of LTID systems 506

11.7　Magnitude and phase spectra 507

11.8　Continuous-and discrete-time Fourier transforms 514

11.9　Summary 517

Problems 520

12　Discrete Fourier transform 525

12.1　Continuous to discrete Fourier transform 526

12.2　Discrete Fourier transform 531

12.3　Spectrum analysis using the DFT 538

12.4　Properties of the DFT 547

12.5　Convolution using the DFT 550

12.6　Fast Fourier transform 553

12.7　Summary 559

Problems 560

13　The z-transform 565

13.1　Analytical development 566

13.2　Unilateral z-transform 569

13.3　Inverse z-transform 574

13.4　Properties of the z-transform 582

13.5　Solution of difference equations 594

13.6　z-transfer function of LTID systems 596

13.7　Relationship between Laplace and z-transforms 599

13.8　Stabilty analysis in the z-domain 601

13.9　Frequency-response calculation in the z-domain 606

13.10　DTFT and the z-transform 607

13.11　Experiments with MATLAB 609

13.12　Summary 614

Problems 616

14　Digital filters 621

14.1　Filter classification 622

14.2　FIR and IIR filters 625

14.3　Phase of a digital filter 627

14.4　Ideal versus non-ideal filters 632

14.5　Filter realization 638

14.6　FIR filters 639

14.7　IIR filters 644

14.8　Finite precision effect 651

14.9　MATLAB examples 657

14.10　Summary 658

Problems 660

15　FIR filter design 665

15.1　Lowpass filter design using windowing method 666

15.2　Design of highpass filters using windowing 684

15.3　Design of bandpass filters using windowing 688

15.4　Design of a bandstop filter using windowing 691

15.5　Optimal FIR filters 693

15.6　MATLAB examples 700

15.7　Summary 707

Problems 709

16　IIR filter design 713

16.1　IIR filter design principles 714

16.2　Impulse invariance 715

16.3　Bilinear transformation 728

16.4　Designing highpass,bandpass,and bandstop IIR filters 734

16.5　IIR and FIR filters 737

16.6　Summary 741

Problems 742

17　Applications of digital signal processing 746

17.1　Spectral estimation 746

17.2　Digital audio 754

17.3　Audio filtering 759

17.4　Digital audio compression 765

17.5　Digital images 771

17.6　Image filtering 777

17.7　Image compression 782

17.8　Summary 789

Problems 789

Appendix A　Mathematical preliminaries 793

A.1　Trigonometric identities 793

A.2　Power series 794

A.3　Series summation 794

A.4　Limits and differential calculus 795

A.5　Indefinite integrals 795

Appendix B　Introducion to the complex-number system 797

B.1　Real-number system 797

B.2　Complex-number system 798

B.3　Graphical interpertation of complex numbers 801

B.4　Polar representation of complex numbers 801

B.5　Summary 805

Problems 805

Appendix C　Linear constant-coefficient differential equations 806

C.1　Zero-input response 807

C.2　Zero-state response 810

C.3　Complete response 813

Appendix D　Partial fraction expansion 814

D.1　Laplace transform 814

D.2　Continuous-time Fourier transform 822

D.3　Discrete-time Fourier transform 825

D.4　The z-transform 826

Appendix E　Introduction to MATLAB 829

E.1　Introduction 829

E.2　Entering data into MATLAB 831

E.3　Control statements 838

E.4　Elementary matrix operations 840

E.5　Plotting functions 842

E.6　Creating MATLAB functions 846

E.7　Summary 847

Appendix F　About the CD 848

F.1　Interactive environment 848

F.2　Data 853

F.3　MATLAB codes 854

Bibliography 858

Index 860