CCNA学习指南 2003英文升级版PDF电子书下载

Introduction 1

Chapter 1 Internetworking 1

Internetworking Basics 3

Internetworking Models 6

The Layered Approach 7

Advantages of Reference Models 8

The OSI Reference Model 8

The OSI Layers 9

Assessment Test 15

Ethernet Networking 24

Half-and Full-Duplex Ethernet 25

Ethernet at the Data Link Layer 26

Ethernet at the Physical Layer 30

Ethernet Cabling 33

Straight-Through Cable 33

Crossover Cable 33

Rolled Cable 34

Data Encapsulation 36

Cabling the Wide Area Network 38

Serial Transmission 38

Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communication Equipment 38

Fixed and Modular Interfaces 39

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)Connections 39

Selecting Cisco Products 40

Cisco Routers 41

Cisco Hubs 41

Cisco Switches 43

The Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical Model 44

The Core Layer 46

The Distribution Layer 46

The Access Layer 47

Summary 47

Exam Essentials 48

Key Terms 49

Written Labs 50

Written Lab 1.1:OSI Questions 51

Written Lab 1.2:Defining the OSI Layers and Devices 52

Review Questions 53

Written Lab 1.3:Identifying Collision and Broadcast Domains 53

Answers to Review Questions 58

Answers to Written Labs 60

Answers to Written Lab 1.1 60

Answer to Written Lab 1.2 61

Answers to Written Lab 1.3 61

Chapter 2 Layer-2 Switching 63

Before Layer-2 Switching 65

Switching Services 68

Limitations of Layer-2 Switching 68

Bridging vs.LAN Switching 69

Three Switch Functions at Layer 2 69

Spanning Tree Protocol(STP) 73

Spanning-Tree Terms 74

Spanning-Tree Operations 75

Spanning-Tree Example 77

LAN Switch Types 79

Cut-Through(Real Time) 80

FragmentFree(Modified Cut-Through) 80

Store-and-Forward 80

Summary 81

Exam Essentials 81

Written Lab 2 82

Review Questions 82

Key Terms 82

Answers to Review Questions 87

Answers to Written Lab 2 89

Chapter 3 Internet Protocols 91

TCP/IP and the DoD Model 92

The Process/Application Layer Protocols 94

The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols 98

The Internet Layer Protocols 106

IP Addressing 113

IP Terminology 114

The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme 114

Subnetting 121

Subnet Masks 122

Subnetting Class C Addresses 123

Subnetting Class B Addresses 131

Subnetting Class A Addresses 136

Summary 138

Exam Essentials 139

Key Terms 140

Written Lab 3 141

Review Questions 141

Answers to Review Questions 146

Answers to Written Lab 3 148

Chapter 4 Introduction to the Cisco IOS 151

Cisco Router User Interface 152

Connecting to a Cisco Router 153

Cisco Router IOS 153

Bringing Up a Router 154

Setup Mode 155

Command-Line Interface 159

Logging into the Router 160

Overview of Router Modes 161

CLI Prompts 162

Editing and Help Features 164

Gathering Basic Routing Information 168

Setting Passwords 169

Encrypting Your Passwords 172

Banners 174

Router Interfaces 175

Descriptions 179

Hostnames 179

Viewing and Saving Configurations 180

Verifying Your Configuration 182

Summary 187

Exam Essentials 188

Key Terms 189

Commands Used in This Chapter 190

Written Lab 4 192

Hands-on Labs 193

Hands-on Lab 4.1:Logging into a Router 193

Hands-on Lab 4.2:Using the Help and Editing Features 194

Hands-on Lab 4.4:Setting Your Passwords 195

Hands-on Lab 4.3:Saving a Router Configuration 195

Hands-on Lab 4.5:Setting the Hostname,Descriptions,IP Address,and Clock Rate 197

Review Questions 199

Answers to Review Questions 203

Answers to Written Lab 4 205

Chapter 5 IP Routing 207

Routing Basics 208

The IP Routing Process 209

IP Routing in a Larger Network 214

Configuring IP Routing in Our Network 218

Static Routing 218

Default Routing 223

Dynamic Routing 225

Routing Protocol Basics 226

Administrative Distances 226

Routing Protocols 227

Distance-Vector Routing Protocols 227

Routing Loops 229

Maximum Hop Count 230

Split Horizon 230

Route Poisoning 231

Holddowns 231

Routing Information Protocol(RIP) 232

RIP Timers 232

Configuring RIP Routing 233

Verifying the RIP Routing Tables 235

Holding Down RIP Propagations 237

Interior Gateway Routing Protocol(IGRP) 238

IGRP Timers 239

Configuring IGRP Routing 239

Verifying the IGRP Routing Tables 241

Verifying Your Configurations 243

The Show Protocols Command 243

The Show IP Protocol Command 243

The Debug IP RIP Command 245

The Debug IP IGRP Command 246

Summary 248

Exam Essentials 248

Commands Used in This Chapter 249

Key Terms 249

Written Lab 5 250

Hands-on Labs 251

Hands-on Lab 5.1:Creating Static Routes 251

Hands-on Lab 5.2:Dynamic Routing with RIP 253

Hands-on Lab 5.3:Dynamic Routing with IGRP 254

Review Questions 255

Answers to Review Questions 260

Answers to Written Lab 5 262

Chapter 6 Virtual LANs(VLANs) 263

Introduction to VLANs 264

Broadcast Control 266

Flexibility and Scalability 267

Security 267

VLAN Memberships 270

Static VLANs 270

Dynamic VLANs 271

Identifying VLANs 271

Frame Tagging 272

VLAN Identification Methods 273

Inter-Switch Link (ISL) Protocol 274

VLAN Trunk Protocol(VTP) 275

VTP Modes of Operation 276

VTP Pruning 277

Routing between VLANs 277

Summary 278

Exam Essentials 279

Key Terms 280

Written Lab 6 280

Review Questions 281

Answers to Review Questions 285

Answers to Written Lab 6 287

Chapter 7 Managing a Cisco Internetwork 289

The Internal Components of a Cisco Router 290

The Router Boot Sequence 291

Managing Configuration Registers 292

Understanding the Configuration Register Bits 292

Checking the Current Configuration Register Value 293

Changing the Configuration Register 294

Recovering Passwords 295

Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco IOS 298

Verifying Flash Memory 298

Backing Up the Cisco IOS 299

Restoring or Upgrading the Cisco Router IOS 300

Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco Configuration 302

Backing Up the Cisco Router Configuration 303

Restoring the Cisco Router Configuration 304

Erasing the Configuration 305

Using Cisco Discovery Protocol 305

Getting CDP Timers and Holdtime Information 306

Gathering Neighbor Information 306

Gathering Interface Traffic Information 309

Gathering Port and Interface Information 309

Using Telnet 311

Telnetting into Multiple Devices Simultaneously 312

Checking Telnet Connections 313

Checking Telnet Users 314

Closing Telnet Sessions 314

Resolving Hostnames 315

Building a Host Table 315

Using DNS to Resolve Names 317

Checking Network Connectivity 319

Using the Ping Command 319

Using the Traceroute Command 320

Exam Essentials 321

Summary 321

Key Terms 323

Commands Used in This Chapter 323

Written Lab 7 325

Hands-on Labs 326

Hands-on Lab 7.1:Backing Up Your Router IOS 326

Hands-on Lab 7.2:Upgrading or Restoring Your Router IOS 327

Hands-on Lab 7.3:Backing Up the Router Configuration 327

Hands-on Lab 7.4:Using the Cisco Discovery Protocol(CDP) 327

Hands-on Lab 7.5:Using Telnet 328

Hands-on Lab 7.6:Resolving Hostnames 329

Review Questions 330

Answers to Review Questions 334

Answers to Written Lab 7 336

Chapter 8 Configuring Novell IPX 337

Introduction to Novell IPX 338

Novell IPX Protocol Stack 338

Client-Server Communication 340

Server-Server Communication 341

IPX Addressing 345

Encapsulation 346

Enabling IPX on Cisco Routers 348

Enabling IPX Routing 348

Enabling IPX on Individual Interfaces 349

Configuring Our Internetwork with IPX 350

Configuring IPX on the 2501B Router 351

Configuring IPX on the 2501A Router 351

Configuring IPX on the 2621A Router 351

Configuring IPX on the 2501C Router 352

Verifying the IPX Routing Tables 352

Adding Secondary Addresses 354

Configuring Secondary Addresses 354

Subinterfaces 355

Configuring Our Internetwork with Multiple Ethernet Frame Types 356

Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2621A Router 356

Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2501A Router 357

Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2501B Router 357

Configuring Multiple Frame Types on the 2501C Router 358

Verifying the IPX Routing Tables 358

The Show IPX Servers Command 359

Monitoring IPX on Cisco Routers 359

The Show IPX Route Command 360

The Show IPX Traffic Command 361

The Show IPX Interface Command 362

The Show Protocols Command 363

The Debug IPX Command 364

The Ping IPX Command 366

Summary 367

Exam Essentials 367

Key Terms 368

Commands Used in This Chapter 368

Hands-on Labs 369

Written Lab 8 369

Hands-on Lab 8.1:Configuring Internetworking Packet Exchange(IPX) 370

Hands-on Lab 8.2:Adding Secondary Network Addresses and Multiple Frame Types with IPX 371

Review Questions 373

Answers to Review Questions 377

Answers to Written Lab 8 379

Chapter 9 Managing Traffic with Access Lists 381

Access Lists 382

Standard IP Access Lists 384

Controlling VTY(Telnet)Access 388

Extended IP Access Lists 388

Monitoring IP Access Lists 393

IPX Access Lists 393

Standard IPX Access Lists 394

Extended IPX Access Lists 395

IPX SAP Filters 395

Verifying IPX Access Lists 396

Summary 397

Exam Essentials 398

Key Terms 398

Commands Used in This Chapter 399

Written Lab 9 400

Hands-on Labs 400

Hands-on Lab 9.1:Standard IP Access Lists 400

Hands-on Lab 9.2:Extended IP Access Lists 402

Hands-on Lab 9.3:Standard IPX Access Lists 404

Review Questions 405

Answers to Review Questions 409

Answers to Written Lab 9 412

Chapter 10 Wide Area Networking Protocols 413

Wide Area Networks 414

Defining WAN Terms 414

WAN Connection Types 415

WAN Support 416

High-Level Data-Link Control Protocol(HDLC) 417

Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP) 418

Link Control Protocol(LCP)Configuration Options 419

PPP Session Establishment 420

PPP Authentication Methods 420

Configuring PPP Authentication 421

Configuring PPP on Cisco Routers 421

Verifying PPP Encapsulation 422

Frame Relay 423

Frame Relay Terminology 424

Frame Relay Encapsulation 426

Data Link Connection Identifiers(DLCIs) 426

Local Management Interface(LMI) 427

Subinterfaces 428

Mapping Frame Relay 432

Frame Relay Congestion Control 433

Committed Information Rate(CIR) 433

Monitoring Frame Relay 434

Integrated Services Digital Network(ISDN) 437

ISDN Components 438

Basic Rate Interface(BRI) 441

Primary Rate Interface(PRI) 441

ISDN with Cisco Routers 442

Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) 443

Configuring DDR 443

Configuring Static Routes 443

Specifying Interesting Traffic 444

Configuring the Dialer Information 444

Optional Commands 446

DDR with Access Lists 446

Verifying the ISDN Operation 447

Exam Essentials 448

Summary 448

Key Terms 449

Commands Used in This Chapter 450

Written Lab 10 452

Hands-on Labs 453

Hands-on Lab 10.1:Configuring PPP Encapsulation and Authentication 453

Hands-on Lab 10.2:Configuring and Monitoring HDLC 454

Hands-on Lab 10.3:Configuring Frame Relay and Subinterfaces 455

Hands-on Lab 10.4:Configuring ISDN and BRI Interfaces 456

Review Questions 459

Answers to Review Questions 463

Answers to Written Lab 10 465

Appendix A Introduction to the Cisco IOS:Hands-on Labs 467

Lab A.1:Logging into a Cisco Router 468

Lab A.2:Editing and Help Features 469

Lab A.3:Gathering Basic Router Information 472

Lab A.4:Setting the Passwords 474

Lab A.5:Setting Router Banners 475

Lab A.6:Configuring Router Interfaces 476

Lab A.7:Bringing up an Interface 477

Lab A.8:Configuring an IP Address on an Interface 478

Lab A.9:Serial Interface Commands 478

Lab A.10:Setting the Router Hostnames 480

Lab A.11:Setting Interface Descriptions 480

Lab A.13:Verifying Your Configuration 481

Lab A.12:Saving Your Configurations 481

Lab A.14:Final Lab 483

Appendix B Configuring the Catalyst 1900 Switch 487

Features of the 1900 Switch 489

The Three Configuration Options 489

Connecting to the Console Port 490

1900 Switch Startup 490

Connecting to an Ethernet Port 491

Cisco 1900 IOS Configuration Commands 492

Setting the Passwords 492

Setting the Hostname 495

Setting IP Information 496

Configuring Switch Interfaces 498

Configuring Interface Descriptions 500

Configuring the Port Duplex 501

Verifying IP Connectivity 502

Erasing the Switch Configuration 503

Managing the MAC Address Table 503

Setting Permanent and Static MAC Addresses 504

Configuring Port Security 507

Using the Show Version Command 508

Changing the LAN Switch Type 508

Configuring VLANs 509

Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs 510

Configuring Trunk Ports 512

Verifying Trunk Links 513

Clearing VLANs from Trunk Links 513

Configuring ISL Routing 514

Configuring VTP 515

Configuring the Domain 516

Adding to a VTP Domain 516

VTP Pruning 517

Restoring or Upgrading the Catalyst 1900 IOS 518

Backing Up and Restoring the Catalyst 1900 Configuration 518

CDP with the 1900 Switch 519

Summary 520

Key Terms 521

Commands Used in This Appendix 521

Hands-on Labs 523

Written Lab Appendix B 523

Lab B.1:Managing the 1900 Switch 524

Lab B.2:1900 Switch Operations 525

Lab B.3:Creating VLANs 526

Lab B.4:Assigning VLANs to Switch Ports 527

Lab B.5:Configuring Trunking 528

Lab B.6:Configuring VTP 529

Lab B.7:Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing with ISL 530

Review Questions 531

Answers to Review Questions 535

Answers to Written Lab Appendix B 537

Appendix C Commands in This Study Guide 539

Glossary 551