书面英语高级写作实践 英文本PDF电子书下载

Preface 8

Glossary of Concepts 9

Vocabulary 19

Lexical Choice Involving Parts of Speech 19

Nominalisations 19

Adverbs vs.Verbs 22

Proper Adjectives 24

Adjectives vs.Prepositional Modifiers 25

Frequent Problems with Specific Lexical Items 27

Belong 27

Get 28

Emerge,Happen,Occur Prove,Turn Out 30

Namely and Related Expressions 32

Easy,Difficult,Possible,Impossible 34

Value 36

Citizen 37

AppositionsⅠ 39

Selected Structural Peculiarities 39

AppositionsⅡ:Appositions vs.Prepositional Structures 43

Because in Negative Sentences 47

Being and Having 50

Be+to-infinitive 54

Comment Clauses with As 55

Complements and the Verb To Be 57

Constructions with As and Than 61

Gerunds 64

Most 66

Of:Many of…,Most of…,Some of…etc 67

Problems with Negative Sentences 69

Relative Clauses and the Comma 73

The Comma-see Relative Clauses and the Comma 73

There 77

What,Which etc 83

Stylistic Devices 89

Cleft Sentences with the Pronoun It 89

Emphatic Word Order:‘Fronting’ 92

Ⅰ:Hardly,Only,Rarely,Scarcely etc 92

Ⅱ:With As and Though 95

Relative Clauses in Apposition 98

Clarity and Syntax 103

Abrupt Sentence Endings 103

Coordination 106

Ⅰ:Unjustified Change of Subject 106

Ⅱ:Concord and Gender Bias 108

Ⅲ:Absence of Parallel Structure 112

Ⅲ:Unjustified Change of Person 117

Ⅴ:‘Dangling Participles’ 118

Splices 119

Unclear Antecedents Ⅰ 121

Unclear Antecedents Ⅱ-The Pronoun It 123

Un-English Syntax 126

Ⅰ:Verb and Object 126

Ⅱ:Main and Subordinate Clauses 127

Ⅲ:Composite Attributive Expressions 129

Ⅳ:Parallel Expressions 132

Ⅴ:Active vs.Passive 134

Rhetorical Enhancers:Conjunctions and Discourse Markers 136

Concession and Contrast 136

Similarity and Contrast 141

Therefore and Related Expressions 145

“In My Opinion…” 148

Articles:A Few Tips 152

Punctuation 161

The Colon 161

The Dash 165

Inverted Commas 168

The Semicolon 172

Key to the Exercises 177

Index 203