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经济学原理
经济学原理

经济学原理PDF电子书下载

经济

  • 电子书积分:13 积分如何计算积分?
  • 作 者:谭亮主编
  • 出 版 社:重庆:重庆大学出版社
  • 出版年份:2017
  • ISBN:9787568901161
  • 页数:398 页
图书介绍:本书分为宏观经济学和微观经济学两部分。微观部分包括消费者理论,厂商理论,市场的四种形态即完全竞争和垄断、垄断竞争和寡头,博弈论和信息经济学等;宏观部分包括国民收入,通胀和失业,经济增长,总需求和供给,中国在世界经济中的地位,国际经济学等。
《经济学原理》目录

Chapter 1 Introduction to Economics 1

1.1 Definitions of Economics 2

1.1.1 Adam Smith 4

1.1.2 Alfred Marshall 5

1.1.3 John Maynard Keynes 6

1.2 Ten Concepts of Economics 7

1.2.1 Concept #1:Choice 7

1.2.2 Concept #2:Opportunity Cost 9

1.2.3 Concept #3:Marginal Analysis 10

1.2.4 Concept #4:Incentive 11

1.2.5 Concept #5:Trade 14

1.2.6 Concept #6:Market 16

1.2.7 Concept #7:Government 17

1.2.8 Concept #8:Productivity 20

1.2.9 Concept #9:Inflation 21

1.2.10 Concept #10:Short-run vs.Long-run 22

Key Concepts 25

Questions for Review 25

Supplementary Reading Nobel Prizes in Economics(1969—2000) 26

Chapter 2 Economic Analysis Framework 30

2.1 Microeconomics and Macroeconomics 30

2.1.1 Microeconomics 30

2.1.2 Macroeconomics 31

2.2 Positive Economics and Normative Economics 32

2.2.1 Positive Economics 32

2.2.2 Normative Economics 33

2.3 Goals of Economic Policy 34

2.3.1 Economic Growth 34

2.3.2 Full Employment 44

2.4 Economic System 46

2.4.1 Capitalism 47

2.4.2 Socialism 47

2.4.3 Mixed Economy 48

2.4.4 Planned Economy 49

2.4.5 Market Economy 50

2.5 Economic Analysis 51

2.5.1 General Equilibrium Analysis 51

2.5.2 Partial Equilibrium Analysis 57

Key Concepts 61

Questions for Review 61

Supplementary Reading New Method of Economic Analysis 61

Chapter 3 Demand, Supply and Elasticity 64

3.1 Demand 64

3.1.1 Determinants of Demand 64

3.1.2 Demand Curve 66

3.1.3 Shifts in Demand Curve 68

3.2 Supply 70

3.2.1 Determinants of Supply 70

3.2.2 Supply Curve 71

3.2.3 Shifts in Supply Curve 74

3.3 Market Equilibrium 75

3.3.1 Equilibrium Price 76

3.3.2 Changes in Equilibrium 78

3.4 Elasticity 82

3.4.1 Price Elasticity of Demand 83

3.4.2 The Total Revenue 88

3.4.3 Determinants of Demand Elasticity 90

3.4.4 Other Demand Elasticity 92

3.4.5 Price Elasticity of Supply 92

3.4.6 Determinants of Price Elasticity of Supply 95

Key Concepts 96

Questions for Review 96

Supplementary Reading How Does Policy Affect the Sale of Mooncakes? 97

Chapter 4 Theory of the Consumer 99

4.1 Utility 99

4.1.1 Cardinal Utility and Marginal Utility Analysis 99

4.1.2 The Rational Spending Rule 103

4.1.3 The Income and Substitution Effects 106

4.1.4 Ordinal Utility and Indifference Curve 107

4.1.5 Budget Line Constraint 109

4.1.6 Change of Consumer Choices 110

4.2 Consumer Surplus 114

4.3 Consumption in Uncertainty 118

4.3.1 Uncertainty and Risk 118

4.3.2 Expected Wealth and Its Utility 119

4.3.3 Expected Utility 120

4.3.4 Risk Attitude 121

4.3.5 How to Reduce Risks? 123

Key Concepts 126

Questions for Review 126

Supplementary Reading Paradox of Value 127

Chapter 5 Theory of the Firm 128

5.1 Production 128

5.1.1 Factors of Production 128

5.1.2 Types of Business 129

5.2 Production Function 130

5.2.1 Production Function with One Variable Factor 131

5.2.2 Production Function with Two Variable Factors 135

5.2.3 Equal-cost Line 137

5.2.4 Optimal Production Point: Least-cost Tangency 138

5.3 Costs of Production 139

5.3.1 Opportunity Cost vs.Accounting Cost 139

5.3.2 The Short-run Cost Function 140

5.3.3 The Long-run Cost Curve 143

5.4 Economies of Scale 145

Key Concepts 146

Questions for Review 146

Supplementart Reading Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd 147

Chapter 6 Perfect Competition and Monopoly 149

6.1 Perfect Competition 149

6.1.1 Conditions of Perfect Competition 149

6.1.2 Demand Curve in Perfect Competition Market 150

6.1.3 Short-run Supply Curve in Perfect Competition Market 151

6.1.4 Short-run Equilibrium of Perfect Competition Market 152

6.1.5 Long-run Equilibrium of Perfect Competition Market 153

6.2 Monopoly 155

6.2.1 Characteristics of Monopoly 155

6.2.2 Price Discrimination 156

6.2.3 Short-run and Long-run Equilibriums in Monopoly 160

6.2.4 Marginal Revenue and Elasticity of Demand in Monopoly 163

6.2.5 Monopoly and Efficiency 165

6.2.6 Monopoly Regulation 168

Key Concepts 171

Questions for Review 172

Supplementart Reading Examples of Price Discrimination 172

Chapter 7 Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly 174

7.1 The Monopolistic Competition Market 174

7.1.1 Characteristics of Monopolistic Competition 175

7.1.2 Short-run Equilibrium 178

7.1.3 Long-run Equilibrium 179

7.1.4 Efficiency Analysis 181

7.1.5 Model of Product Differentiation 182

7.2 Oligopoly 184

7.2.1 Characteristics of Oligopoly 185

7.2.2 Cournot Model and Stackelberg Model 187

7.2.3 Bertrand Model and Sweezy Model 189

7.2.4 Public Policy Toward Oligopolies 191

Key Concepts 192

Questions for Review 192

Supplementart Reading The OPEC 193

Chapter 8 Game Theory and Information Economics 195

8.1 Game Theory 195

8.1.1 Game Representation 197

8.1.2 Types of Games 199

8.2 Information Economics 209

8.2.1 Adverse Selection 210

8.2.2 Moral Hazard 212

8.2.3 Signaling Model 214

8.2.4 Screening 216

8.3 Incentive Compatibility 217

Key Concepts 217

Questions for Review 218

Supplementary Reading John Forbes Nash,Jr 218

Chapter 9 National Income 224

9.1 An Economy Producing Consumption Goods 224

9.2 The Measurement of Gross Domestic Product 226

9.3 GDP Components 227

9.4 How Does the Government Measure GDP? 229

9.5 Real GDP and Nominal GDP 229

9.6 The GDP Deflator 231

9.7 What Does GDP Not Measure? 232

9.8 Shortcomings of GDP as a Measure of Total Production 233

9.9 Limitations of GDP When Measuring Living Standards 234

9.10 The Income Approach to GDP Calculation 235

Key Concepts 239

Questions for Review 239

Supplementart Reading China Income, China National Income and Underground Economy 240

Chapter 10 Inflation and Unemployment 246

10.1 Inflation 246

10.1.1 Consumer Price Index 246

10.1.2 CPI Construction 247

10.1.3 Inflation Rate Computation 248

10.1.4 CPI and Other Measures 249

10.1.5 Producer Price Index 251

10.1.6 Inflation Adjustment 251

10.1.7 Real vs.Nominal Interest Rates 252

10.1.8 The Costs of Inflation 254

10.2 Unemployment 257

10.2.1 Measuring Unemployment 257

10.2.2 Problems with Measuring the Unemployment Rate 258

10.2.3 The Cost of Unemployment 258

10.2.4 The Duration of Unemployment 259

10.2.5 Types of Unemployment 260

10.3 Inflation and Unemployment 261

10.3.1 Theoretical Phillips Curve 261

10.3.2 Empirical Evidence behind Tradeoff 262

10.3.3 The Breakdown of the Phillips Curve 262

10.3.4 Conclusion on Phillips Curve 263

Key Concepts 264

Questions for Review 264

Supplementart Reading China’s Inflation And Youth Unemployment Problem 265

Chapter 11 Economic Growth 270

11.1 Harrod-Domar Model 270

11.2 The Neoclassical Growth Model 271

11.2.1 Steady State and Steady-state Equilibrium 274

11.2.2 Implications of Solow Growth Model 274

11.2.3 Capital Accumulation 275

11.2.4 Population Growth 277

11.2.5 Technological Progress 278

11.2.6 Factors Other than Capital and Labor 279

11.2.7 Empirical Evidence of Neoclassical Growth Model and Criticisms 280

11.3 Endogenous or New Growth Model 281

Key Concepts 283

Questions for Review 283

Supplementart Reading Understanding Economic Growth: Review Article of Why Economies Grow 284

Chapter 12 Aggregate Demand and Supply 288

12.1 Aggregate Demand and Supply 288

12.1.1 Aggregate Demand 288

12.1.2 Aggregate Supply 289

12.1.3 Equilibrium of Aggregate Supply and Demand 291

12.1.4 Shifts in Aggregate Supply 292

12.1.5 Shifts in Aggregate Demand 292

12.1.6 Shifts in Aggregate Supply and Demand 294

12.2 The Goods Market and the IS Curve 294

12.2.1 Consumption and Marginal Propensity to Consume 294

12.2.2 Investment and the Investment Rate 295

12.2.3 Equilibrium of Goods Market and the IS Curve 295

12.2.4 The Slope of the IS Curve and the Multiplier 296

12.2.5 The Economic Impact and Implementation of Fiscal Policy 297

12.3 The Money Market and the LM Curve 297

12.3.1 The Demand for Money 297

12.3.2 The Supply of Money 298

12.3.3 Money Market Equilibrium and the LM Curve 298

12.3.4 The Economic Impact and Implementation of Monetary Policy 300

12.4 The Short-run Equilibrium of Goods and Money Markets 300

12.4.1 Shift on IS Curve and Fiscal Policy 301

12.4.2 Shift on LM Curve and Monetary Policy 302

12.5 Aggregate Supply Models 303

12.5.1 Sticky-wage Model 303

12.5.2 Worker-misperception Model 304

12.5.3 Imperfect-information Model 304

12.5.4 Sticky-price Model 305

Key Concepts 306

Questions for Review 306

Supplementary Reading Monetary Policy and Exchange Rate Pass-through 309

Chapter 13 Short-run Economic Fluctuations 315

13.1 How Do the Short Run and Long Run Differ? 315

13.2 Fiscal and Monetary Policy 317

13.2.1 Fiscal Policy 317

13.2.2 Monetary Policy 321

13.3 The Fiscal-monetary Mix 325

13.4 The Macroeconomic Policy Debate 326

13.4.1 Uncertainty and Policy 326

13.4.2 Expectation and Policy 327

13.4.3 Self-stabilization and Policy 327

Key Concepts 329

Questions for Review 329

Supplementary Reading China’s Monetary Policy 329

Chapter 14 China in the World Economy 333

14.1 China:before 1949 333

14.2 China:1949—1978 336

14.2.1 Great Leap Forward 338

14.2.2 The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution 340

14.3 China: since 1978 343

14.3.1 Reform in the Rural Sector 343

14.3.2 Reform in the Urban Sector 344

14.3.3 Foreign Direct Investment 346

14.4 Problems and Prospect 348

Key Concepts 351

Questions for Review 352

Supplementary Reading China’s Achilles Heel:A Comparison with America Reveals a Deep Flaw in China’s Model ofGrowth 352

Chapter 15 International Economics 358

15.1 International Trade 358

15.1.1 Free Trade Development 359

15.1.2 Trade Development with Government Intervention 363

15.1.3 Trade War 368

15.1.4 Trade Policy 371

15.1.5 Trade Research 373

15.2 Economic Integration 376

15.2.1 Seven Stages of Economic Integration 376

15.2.2 Reasons for Economic Integration 377

15.2.3 Theory of Economic Integration 378

15.3 International Finance 380

15.3.1 Global Financial System 380

15.3.2 International Monetary Systems 381

15.3.3 Balance of Payments 385

15.3.4 Exchange Rates 386

15.3.5 Foreign Direct investment 390

15.3.6 International Financial Stability 391

15.4 Globalization 392

Key Concepts 394

Questions for Review 394

Supplementary Reading A Brief History of RMB 395

参考文献 397

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