人体解剖学 英文版PDF电子书下载

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1

SCOPE OF ANATOMY 1

BODY ORGANIZATION 1

ANATOMICAL POSITION AND DESCRIPTIVE TERMINOLOGY 2

ANATOMICAL POSITION 2

DIRECTIONAL TERMS 2

PLANES OF REFERENCE 3

CHAPTER TWO LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM 5

SECTION 1 OSTEOLOGY 5

GENERAL 5

SHAPES OF BONES 6

STRUCTURE OF BONE 7

BONES OF TRUNK 8

VERTEBRAE 8

STERNUM 11

RIBS 12

BONES OF UPPER LIMB 13

SHOULDER GIRDLE 13

MOBILITY BONES OF UPPER LIMB 13

BONES OF LOWER LIMB 17

PELVIC GIRDLE 17

MOBILITY BONES OF LOWER LIMB 19

SKULL 22

CRANIAL BONES 23

FACIAL BONES 24

WHOLE VIEWS OF THE SKULL 26

SKULL AT BIRTH 31

SECTION 2ARTHROLOGY 31

GENERAL 31

DIRECT JOINT 31

INDIRECT JOINT 32

JOINTS OF TRUNK 35

JOINTS OF VERTEBRAE 35

VERTEBRAL COLUMN 37

THORACIC CAGE 37

JOINTS OF UPPER LIMB 40

JOINTS OF SHOULDER GIRDLE 40

JOINTS OF MOBILITY BONES OF UPPER LIMB 40

JOINTS OF LOWER LIMB 44

JOINTS OF PELVIC GIRDLE 44

JOINTS OF MOBILITY BONES OF LOWER LIMB 47

JOINTS OF SKULL 53

SECTION 3 MYOLOGY 54

GENERAL 54

SHAPE AND STRUCTURE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE 55

NAMING THE MUSCLE 56

ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF MUSCLE AND ITS FUNCTION 56

SUPPLEMENTARY APPARATUS OF MUSCLE 56

MUSCLES OF TRUNK 57

MUSCLES OF BACK 57

MUSCLES OF THORAX 60

DIAPHRAGM 61

ABDOMINAL MUSCLES 62

MUSCLES OF HEAD AND NECK 66

MUSCLES OF HEAD 66

MUSCLES OF NECK 68

MUSCLES OF UPPER LIMB 70

MUSCLES OF SHOULDER GIRDLE 70

MUSCLES OF ARM 72

MUSCLES OF FOREARM 72

MUSCLES OF HAND 74

PARTIAL IMPORTANT REGIONS 74

MUSCLES OF LOWER LIMB 75

MUSCLES OF PELVIC GIRDLE 75

MU5CLES OF THIGH 78

MUSCLES OF LEG 79

MUSCLES OF FOOT 82

PARTIAL IMPORTANT REGIONS 82

CHAPTER THREE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 85

COMPOSITION OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 85

PRINCIPAL FUNCTION OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 86

MARKING LINES OF THORAX 86

REGIONS OF THE ABDOMEN 87

SECTION 1 DIGESTIVE CANAL 87

MOUTH 88

LIPS AND CHEEKS 88

PALATE 89

TEETH 89

TONGUE 91

SALIVARY GLANDS 93

PHARYNX 96

SHAPE AND POSITION OF THE PHARYNX 96

INTERIOR OF THE PHARYNX 96

STRUCTURE OF THE WALL OF THE PHARYNX 96

ESOPHAGUS 97

SHAPE AND POSITION OF THE ESOPHAGUS 97

CONSTRICTION OF THE ESOPHAGUS 97

STRUCTURE OF THE WALL OF THE ESOPHAGUS 97

STOMACH 98

SHAPE OF THE STOMACH 98

POSITION OF THE STOMACH 99

STRUCTURE OF THE STOMACH 99

SMALL INTESTINE 99

DUODENUM 99

JEJUNUM AND ILEUM 100

LARGE INTESTINIE 101

CECUM 102

VERMIFORM APPENDIX 103

COLON 103

RECTUM AND ANAL CANAL 103

SECTION 2 DIGESTIVE GLANDS 105

LIVER 105

SHAPE OF THE LIVER 105

POSITION AND SURFACE PROJECTING OF THE LIVER 106

PRINCIPAL FUNCTION OF THE LIVER 106

EXTRAHEPATIC BILIARY PASSAGE 106

PANCREAS 107

POSITION OF THE PANCREAS 107

SHAPE OF THE PANCREAS 107

PRINCIPAL FUNCTION OF THE PANCREAS 108

SECTION 3 PERITONEUM 108

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PERITONEUM AND VISCERA IN THE ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY 109

STRUCTURES FORMED BY THE PERITONEUM 110

OMENTUM 110

MESENTERY 111

LIGAMENT 111

PERITONEAL POUCH 112

CHAPTER FOUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 113

SECTION 1 EXTERNAL RESPIRATORY TRACT 113

NOSE 113

EXTERNAL NOSE 113

NASAL CAMITY 114

PARANASAL SINUSES 115

PHARYNX 115

LARYNX 116

POSITION OF THE LARYNX 116

STRUCTURE OF THE LARYNX 116

TRACHEA AND PRINCIPAL BRONCHI 121

TRACHEA 121

PRINCIPAL BRONCHI 121

SECTION 2 LUNG 121

POSITION AND SHAPE OF THE LUNG 122

SURFACE MARKING OF THE LUNG 124

SECTION 3 PLEURAE AND MEDIASTINUM 124

PLEURAE 124

VISCERAL PLEURA 125

PARIETAL PLEURA 125

PLEURAL CAMITY 125

SURFACE MARKING OF PARIETAL PLEURA 125

MEDIASTINUM 125

CHAPTER FIVE URINARY SYSTEM 127

KIDNEY 127

APPEARANCE OF THE KIDNEY 127

POSITION OF THE KIDNEY 128

GROSS STRUCTURE OF THE KIDNEY 129

CAPSULE OF THE KIDNEY 129

URETER 130

URINARY BLADDER 130

SHAPE OF THE URINARY BLADDER 130

POSITION OF THE URINARY BLADDER 131

STRUCTURE OF THE WALL OF BLADDER 131

URETHRA 131

CHAPTER SIX REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 133

SECTION 1 MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 133

INTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS 134

TESTIS 134

EPIDIDYMIS 135

DUCTUS DEFERENS 136

EJACULATORY DUCT 136

SEMINAL VESICLE 136

PROSTATE 136

BULBOURETHRAL GLAND 137

EXTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS 137

SCROTUM 137

PENIS 139

MALE URETHRA 141

SECTION 2 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 142

INTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS 143

OVARY 143

UTERINE TUBES 143

UTERUS 145

VAGINA 147

EXTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS 147

FEMALE BREAST 149

PERINEUM 151

CHAPTER SEVEN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 155

THYROID GLAND 157

PARATHYROID GLANDS 158

SUPRARENAL GLANDS 158

PINEAL GLAND 158

HYPOPHYSIS 159

THYMUS 159

CHAPTER EIGHT SENSORY ORGANS 161

SECTION 1 VISUAL ORGAN(EYE) 161

EYEBALL 161

LAYERS OF THE EYEBALL 162

REFRACTING MEDIUM OF THE EYEBALL 165

ACCESSORY APPARATUS OF THE EYE 165

EYELIDS 165

CONJUNCTIVA 167

LACRIMAL APPARATUS 167

EXTRINSIC OCULAR MUSCLES 167

SECTION 2 VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR ORGAN（EAR） 169

EXTERNAL EAR 169

AURICLE 169

EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS 169

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE 169

MIDDLE EAR 170

TYMPANIC CAVITY 170

AUDITORY TUBE 174

MASTOID ANTRUM AND AIR CELLS 174

INTERNAL EAR 174

BONY LABYRINTH 174

MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH 175

PATHWAY OF SOUND WAVES 177

CHAPTER NINE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 179

SECTION 1 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 180

GENERAL ARRANGEMENT 180

PULMONARY AND SYSTEMATIC CIRCULATION 180

ANASTOMOSIS AND COLLATERAL CIRCULATION 180

HEART AND PERICARDIUM 181

SHAPE AND POSITION OF THE HEART 181

INTERIOR OF THE HEART 183

TISSUES OF THE HEART 186

CONDUCTING TISSUE OF THE HEART 187

BLOOD VESSELS OF THE HEART 188

PERICARDIUM 189

BLOOD VESSELS OF THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION 190

ARTERIES OF THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION 190

VEINS OF THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION 190

ARTERIES OF THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION 190

AORTA 190

ARTERIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK 192

ARTERIES OF THE UPPER LIMB 195

ARTERIES OF THE THORAX 198

ARTERIES OF THE ABDOMEN AND PELVIS 202

ARTERIES OF THE LOWER LIMB 208

VEINS OF THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULAT ION 210

SUPERIOR VENA CAVA AND ITS TRIBUTARIES 211

INFERIOR VENA CAVA AND ITS TRIBUTARIES 215

HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN AND ITS TRIBUTARIES 218

SECTION 2 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM 220

LYMPHATIC VESSELS 220

LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES 222

LYMPHATIC VESSELS 222

LYMPHATIC TRUNKS 222

LYMPHATIC DUCTS 222

LYMPH NODES 224

LYMPH NODES OF THE HEAD AND NECK 226

LYMPH NODES OF THE UPPER LIMB 226

LYMPH NODES OF THE THORAX 227

LYMPH NODES OF THE ABDOMEN AND PELVIS 228

LYMPH NODES OF THE LOWER LIMB 230

SPLEEN 231

CHAPTER TEN NERVOUS SYSTEM 233

SECTION 1 GENERAL 233

FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 233

ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 234

TISSUES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 234

NEURON 235

NEUROGLIA 237

REFLEX ARC 239

COMMON TERMS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 240

GRAY MATTER AND WHITE MATTER 240

NUCLEUS AND NERVE FIBERS TRACT 240

NERVE AND GANGLION 240

SECTION 2 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 241

SPINAL CORD 241

POSITION AND SHAPE OF THE SPINAL CORD 241

INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE SPINAL CORD 243

BRAIN 245

BRAIN STEM 246

CEREBELLUM 250

DIENCEPHALON 252

CEREBRUM 254

SECTION 3 PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 265

NERVE COMPONENTS 265

SPINAL NERVES 267

DORSAL RAMI 268

VENTRAL RAMI 269

SEGMENTAL DISTRIBUTION OF SPINAL NERVES 283

CRANIAL NERVES 283

OLFACTORY NERVE（Ⅰ） 283

OPTIC NERVE（Ⅱ） 284

OCULOMOTOR NERVE（Ⅲ） 285

TROCHLEAR NERVE（Ⅳ） 286

TRIGEMINAL NERVE（Ⅴ） 286

ABDUCENT NERVE（Ⅵ） 289

FACIAL NERVE（Ⅶ） 289

VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE（Ⅷ） 293

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE（Ⅸ） 294

VAGUS NERVE（Ⅹ） 295

ACCESSORY NERVE（Ⅺ） 296

HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE（Ⅻ） 296

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 297

SUBDIVISION OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 297

CONTROL OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 302

SECTION 4 NERVOUS CONDUCTIVE PATHWAYS 302

PATHWAYS FOR CONSCIOUS SENSORY PERCEPTION 302

PATHWAYS FOR SOMESTHETIC SENSATIONS(PAIN,TEMPERATURE,AND CRUDE TOUCH AND PRESSURE)FROM THE BODY 302

PATHWAYS FOR DISCRIMINATORY TOUCH AND PRESSURE AND FOR KINESTHESIA FROM THE BODY 302

SOMESTHETIC SENSORY INPUT FROM THE HEAD 302

REPRESENTATION IN THE SOMESTHETIC CORTEX 303

NERVE PATHWAYS FOR VISION 304

PATHWAYS FOR MOTOR FUNCTION 306

PYRAMIDAL SYSTEM 306

SECTION 5 MENINGES,VENTRICLES OF THE BRAIN AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID 307

MENINGES 307

DURA MATER 307

ARACHNOID 310

PIA MATER 312

VENTRICLES OF THE BRAIN 313

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID 313

SECTION 6 BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD 314

BLOOD VESSELS OF THE SPINAL CORD 314

BLOOD VESSELS OF THE BRAIN 314

ARTERIES OF THE BRAIN 314

VEINS OF THE BRAIN 318