语言与文化 英文PDF电子书下载

SECTION 1

Survey 1

SECTION 2

SECTION 3

1 The relationship of language and cultureNature，culture，language 4

SECTION 4

Communities of language users 6

ContentsPreface 7

Imagined communities 8

Insiders/outsiders 8

Linguistic relativity 11

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis 11

Summary 14

2 Meaning as signThe linguistic sign 15

The meaning of signs 16

Cultural encodings 17

Semantic cohesion 19

The non-arbitrary nature of signs 20

Symbols 21

Summary 23

3 Meaning as actionContext of situation，context of culture 25

Structures of expectation 26

Contextualization cues，situated inferences 27

Pragmatic coherence 28

The co-operative principle 31

Participants'roles and the co-construction of culture 32

Summary 35

4 Spoken language，oral cultureSpeech and writing 37

Indicating status 41

Social positionings 42

Protecting face 46

Conversational style 47

Narrative style 49

Summary 51

5 Print language，literate cultureWritten language，textual culture 53

Print and power 54

Social construction of literacy 55

Text and discourse 57

Literacy event，prior text，point of view 60

Genre 62

Summary 64

6 Language and cultural identityCultural identity 65

Cultural stereotypes 67

Language crossing as act of identity 70

Linguistic nationism 72

Standard language，cultural totem 74

Linguistic and cultural imperialism 76

Summary 77

7 Crrent issuesWho is a native speaker？ 79

Cultural authenticity 80

Cross-cultural，intercultural，multicultural 81

The politics of recognition 82

Readings 85

References 115

Glossary 125