外语教师测试手册PDF电子书下载

1 Teaching and testing 1

2 Testing as problem solving:an overview of the book 6

3 Kinds of test and testing 9

4 Validity 22

5 Reliability 29

6 Achieving beneficial backwash 44

7 Stages of test construction 48

8 Test techniques and testing overall ability 59

9 Testing writing 75

10 Testing oral ability 101

11 Testing reading 116

12 Testing listening 134

13 Testing grammar and vocabulary 141

14 Test administration 152

Appendix 1 Statistical analysis of test results 155

Appendix 2 165

Bibliography 166

Index 170